吉林省长春地区犬细小病毒与犬瘟热病毒病原学调查

发布时间：2018-05-13 03:42

  本文选题：犬细小病毒 + 犬瘟热病毒　； 参考：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们生活水平的提高,犬、猫等伴侣动物已逐渐成为人们生活中重要的组成部分,犬猫疾病也随之成为威胁宠物健康的主要因素。犬细小与犬瘟热是宠物犬病毒病中传染性强、发病率高、导致患病犬死亡率最高的急性传染病,也是宠物临床中最常见的犬科疾病,在世界范围内大规模流行,对宠物犬的健康造成了严重的威胁。本试验对吉林省长春地区犬瘟热病毒(Canine distemper virus,CDV)与犬细小病毒(Canine parvovirus,CPV)的流行病学及遗传进化差异进行了调查与分析,以期为CPV与CDV病原学调查的进一步研究和防控策略的制定提供数据支持。本试验采用胶体金快速检测试剂盒对2015年12月~2017年1月吉林省长春地区9个不同区/县宠物医院就诊的539只犬进行了CPV、CDV的病原学调查。结果表明:CPV阳性率为28.57%,CDV阳性率为17.25%,CPV+CDV阳性率3.15%;CPV在3月份发病率最高,为38.29%,在7、8、9月份的发病率最低,分别为16.13%、16.27%、16.67%,CDV在3、4、11月份的发病率最高,分别为21.28%、24.36%、22.22%,8月份发病率最低,为9.30%;2~4月龄犬CPV发病率最高,为38.17%,CDV发病率最高的年龄段为0~2月龄(23.81%);公犬CPV阳性率为29.70%,CDV阳性率为17.82%,母犬CPV阳性率为27.12%,CDV阳性率为16.53%,差异不显著;小型犬CPV及CDV发病率最高,分别为32.99%、19.79%,大型犬CPV及CDV发病率最低,分别为22.61%、14.78%;未免疫犬CPV、CDV发病率最高,未完成完全免疫的犬发病率次之,发病率最低的为完全免疫的犬。经分析证明,CPV、CDV发病率与地区、性别关系不显著,与月份、年龄、品种、血统、免疫情况关系显著。基于CPV VP2基因、CDV H基因分析长春地区CPV、CDV基因型分布情况。结果表明,随机挑选的36份CPV阳性样品中,CPV-2基因型占5.56%,CPV-2a基因型占61.11%,CPV-2b基因型占30.56%,CPV-2c基因型为占2.78%;随机挑选的12份CDV阳性样品中,CDV AsiaⅠ基因型占91.67%,CDV America基因型占8.33%。本研究表明长春地区宠物医院就诊犬CPV发病率高于CDV,其中0~4月龄犬CPV、CDV发病率高,主要发生于3、4、11月份,易发群体主要表现为中小型犬、纯种犬、未免疫犬。本次调查中长春地区CPV流行毒株主要为CPV-2a基因型,其次为CPV-2b基因型;CDV流行毒株主要为AsiaⅠ基因型。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standards, dogs, cats and other companion animals have gradually become an important part of people's lives, and dog and cat diseases have become the main factors threatening the health of pets. Canine parvovirus and canine distemper is an acute infectious disease with high incidence and the highest mortality in dogs. It is also the most common canine disease in pet clinic. It poses a serious threat to the health of the pet dog. The epidemiological and genetic differences of canine distemper virus (canine distemper virus) and canine parvovirus (canine parvovirus) in Changchun, Jilin Province, were investigated and analyzed. In order to provide data support for the further study of CPV and CDV etiology investigation and the formulation of prevention and control strategy. From December 2015 to January 2017, 539 dogs in 9 different areas / counties of Changchun, Jilin Province, were investigated for CPV CDV by colloidal gold rapid detection kit. The results showed that the positive rate of CDV was 17.25% in March, 38.29 in March, and the lowest in September, 16.130.16.270.The incidence of CDV was the highest in November, 21.2824.36 and 22.2222 in August, respectively. The highest incidence of CPV was found in dogs of 4 months old (38.17). The positive rates of CPV in male dogs were 29.70% and 17.82% respectively, and the positive rates of CPV in female dogs were 16.533.The incidence rates of CPV and CDV in small dogs were the highest, and the positive rates of CPV were 17.82% in male dogs and 17.82% in female dogs, and the incidence rates of CPV and CDV in small dogs were the highest. The incidence of CPV and CDV in large dogs was the lowest (22.61 and 14.78, respectively), the incidence of CPV in unimmunized dogs was the highest, and that in dogs without complete immunization was the second, and the lowest in dogs with complete immunization. The analysis showed that the incidence of CPV CDV was not significantly related to gender, but to month, age, variety, lineage and immune status. The distribution of CDV genotypes in Changchun area was analyzed based on CPV VP2 gene and CDV H gene. The results showed that the CPV-2 genotype was 5.56% and the CPV-2a genotype was 61.11%, and the CPV-2b genotype was 30.565.56% and the CPV-2c genotype was 2.78% in the 36 randomly selected CDV positive samples, and in the 12 randomly selected CDV positive samples, 91.67 Asia 鈪，

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