中药复方与益生素对热应激下肉鸡肠道菌群及生长的影响

发布时间：2018-05-13 22:38

本文选题：中药 + 益生素　；参考：《华南农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文就中药复方与益生素对热应激下肉鸡肠道菌群、生长性能、血生化、热休克蛋白、皮质醇的影响展开研究,进一步探讨热应激下使用中药复方与益生素调节后对肠道菌群的影响,以及其缓解热应激可能存在的机理。购买1日龄商品代快大型岭南黄雌性肉鸡,正常喂养至14日龄,选取180羽体质健康、体重均匀的肉鸡,随机均分为4组,均饲喂基础日粮,分别在两个环境中饲养,适温环境(24~26℃):适温组(正常饮水);高温环境(34~38℃):中药组(饮水中添加0.5%浓度为1g/mL复方中药煎液),益生素组(饮水中添加0.02%益生素),热应激组(正常饮水)。于试验1d、14d、28d称量肉鸡空腹体重,记录各阶段采食量。于试验1d、3d、7d、14d、28d,每组分别随机取6羽鸡,空腹心脏采血约2mL,分离血清后用于检测血生化指标,以及热休克蛋白70、皮质醇含量;随后采集盲肠内容物,置于-80℃冰箱保存,后续进行肠道菌群Illumina Miseq测序并分析。试验28d,各组随机选3羽鸡取盲肠,用于组织形态结构的观察。试验结果:1.试验3~28d,热应激组OTU数量高于适温组;试验28d中药组Tags数量显著高于适温组、热应激组(P0.05)。随着肉鸡日龄的增加,各组样本OTU数量、Tags数量、Chao1指数、Shannon指数增加;且随着热应激时间的增加,OTU数量、Chao1指数、Shannon指数也增加。2.PCA与PCoA分析显示,随着热应激时间的延长,高温环境中肉鸡肠道微生物结构开始偏离适温组,中药与益生素的效果随着饲喂时间的增加逐渐明显。此外,随着日龄的增加,肠道菌群结构发生改变,且在后期样本组内菌群个体差异较大。3.热应激导致拟杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属、颤螺菌属、梭菌属、考拉杆菌属、萨特氏菌属、Dorea丰度比例降低;而毛螺旋菌科和瘤胃菌科的瘤胃球菌属、厌氧原体属、Anaerotruncus、Blautia、Eubacterium、Butyricimonas丰度比例增加,而受热应激影响的拟杆菌属、颤螺菌属、柔嫩梭菌属、梭菌属、Dorea、瘤胃球菌属、Anaerotruncus、Blautia、Butyricimonas的丰度比例,通过中药复方与益生素的添加得以缓解。4.热应激导致与消化功能、内分泌功能、多糖生物合成与代谢、排泄系统相关的肠道菌群减少,而免疫系统、能量代谢、环境适应性、细胞生长死亡增高。其中消化功能、内分泌系统、多糖生物合成与代谢添加中药组与益生素可得以缓解。5.适温组盲肠组织形态结构肠绒毛排列整齐,结构完整;热应激组肠绒毛缺失、断裂;中药组与益生素组肠绒毛排列整齐,组织完整。6.热应激环境导致肉鸡各阶段体重、日增重极显著降低,采食量降低,料重比显著增加。热应激下饮水中添加中药复方煎液可以增加肉鸡体重、日增重、采食量,降低料重比。饮水中添加益生素与热应激组相比,体重、日增重增加,料重比降低,但效果不及中药组。7.试验各阶段,适温组、中药组、益生素组AST含量均低于热应激组,其中7d,中药组AST含量显著降低(P0.05),表明中药与益生素能有效降低热应激导致的AST含量升高。但ALT含量各组均低于其他三组,且在28d。热应激组极显著低于适温组与中药组(P0.01)。适温组、中药组、益生素组GLU含量均高于热应激组,1d与28d中药组显著高于热应激组(P0.05),3d益生素组显著高于热应激组(P0.05)。热应激环境中肉鸡TP、ALB含量降低(P0.05)。8.试验28d,热应激环境中各组血清热休克蛋白升高,且中药组与益生素组高于热应激组(P0.05)。热应激组能显著升高皮质醇含量(P0.05),在14d、28d中药组与益生素组均能显著降低热应激下皮质醇含量(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:The effects of Chinese herbal compound and probiotics on intestinal microflora, growth performance, blood biochemistry, heat shock protein and cortisol under heat stress were studied in this paper. The effect of traditional Chinese medicine compound and probiotics on intestinal microflora under heat stress, and the possible mechanism of alleviating heat stress were further discussed. The purchase of 1 day old commodity fast Large South of the Five Ridges yellow female broilers were fed to 14 days of age. 180 healthy and evenly weighed broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups. They were fed with basic diet in 4 groups. They were fed in two environment and temperature environment (24~26 C): temperature group (normal drinking water); high temperature environment (34~38 C): Chinese medicine group (0.5% concentration of drinking water was added to 1g/mL compound Chinese Medicine) Decoction of probiotics), probiotics group (adding 0.02% probiotics in drinking water), heat stress group (normal drinking water). Test 1D, 14d, 28d to weigh the empty belly weight of broiler, record all stages of feed intake. In the test 1D, 3D, 7d, 14d, 28d, each group was randomly selected 6 feather fowl, the empty heart was collected about 2mL, after separation of serum biochemical indexes, and heat shock protein 70, skin The content of caecum, then collected cecum contents, stored at -80 C refrigerator, followed by Illumina Miseq sequencing and analysis of intestinal microflora. Test 28d, randomly selected 3 feather fowl to take cecum for observation of tissue morphology. Test results: 1. test 3~28d, the number of OTU in the heat stress group was higher than that of the suitable temperature group; the number of Tags in the test 28d group was significantly higher. The number of OTU, the number of Tags, the Chao1 index, and the Shannon index increased with the increase of the age of the broilers, and the number of OTU, the Chao1 index, the Shannon index also increased.2.PCA and PCoA analysis with the increase of heat stress time. With the prolongation of heat stress time, the intestinal microflora of broilers in the high temperature environment. The structure began to deviate from the suitable temperature group. The effect of Chinese medicine and probiotics increased gradually with the increase of feeding time. In addition, the structure of intestinal flora changed with the increase of day age, and the.3. heat stress in the later sample group resulted in the bacteriobacterium, the genus tensiophilus, the genus Clostridium, the genus Clostridium, and the saltspella. The proportion of Dorea abundances decreased, while the abundance of rumen, Anaerotruncus, Blautia, Eubacterium, Butyricimonas in the family of the family hairy heliaceae and rumen bacteria increased, while the genus of bacilli, Clostridium, Clostridium, Clostridium, Dorea, ruminal, Anaerotruncus, Blautia, Butyricimonas affected by heat stress were increased. The proportion of abundances, through the addition of Chinese medicine compound and probiotics, can relieve.4. heat stress resulting in the digestive function, endocrine function, polysaccharide biosynthesis and metabolism, and the decrease of intestinal microflora related to the excretory system, while the immune system, energy metabolism, environmental adaptability, and long cell death increase. The digestive function, the endocrine system, and the polysaccharides are in the digestive function, the endocrine system and the polysaccharide The composition and metabolism of Chinese medicine group and probiotics could relieve the structure and structure of the cecum in the.5. suitable temperature group, the intestinal villi were arranged neatly and the structure was complete; the intestinal villi were missing and broken in the heat stress group; the intestinal villi in the Chinese medicine group and probiotics group were arranged neatly, and the whole.6. heat stress environment led to the body weight of broilers at various stages, and the daily weight gain was significantly reduced. The addition of traditional Chinese medicine decoction under heat stress can increase the weight, daily weight, feed intake and weight ratio of broilers. The weight, daily gain and weight ratio of the added probiotics in drinking water are increased, and the ratio of weight to weight is decreased, but the effect is not in the different stages of the.7. test in the Chinese medicine group, the suitable temperature group, the Chinese traditional medicine group and probiotics. Group AST content was lower than that of heat stress group, of which 7d, AST content in Chinese medicine group decreased significantly (P0.05), indicating that Chinese medicine and probiotics can effectively reduce the increase of AST content caused by heat stress. But ALT content is lower than the other three groups, and the 28d. heat stress group is significantly lower than the suitable temperature group and the traditional Chinese medicine group (P0.01). The temperature group, the Chinese medicine group, the probiotics group GLU contain Compared with heat stress group, 1D and 28d group were significantly higher than heat stress group (P0.05), 3D probiotics group was significantly higher than heat stress group (P0.05). In heat stress environment, chicken TP, ALB content decreased (P0.05).8. test 28d, and serum heat shock protein in each group was higher in heat stress environment, and Chinese medicine group and probiotics group were higher than heat stress group (P0.05). Heat stress group was higher than heat stress group. Significantly increased cortisol content (P0.05) in the 14d, 28d Chinese herb group and probiotics group could significantly reduce the cortisol content (P0.05) under heat stress.

【学位授予单位】：华南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.31

【参考文献】