火鸡组织滴虫传代致弱株的选育及其免疫保护效果研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 07:07

本文选题：火鸡组织滴虫 + 传代致弱　；参考：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：禽组织滴虫病(Histomoniasis)又称为传染性盲肠肝炎或“黑头病”,是由火鸡组织滴虫(Histomonas meleagridis,H.meleagridis)引起的鸡形目禽类的一种原生寄生虫病,以肝脏坏死、盲肠肿大和排硫磺样粪便为主要特征,对火鸡的致死率很高,会引起严重的经济损失。目前,在欧美等火鸡主要饲养地区,主要应用化学药物进行预防和治疗,但是由于大多数此类药物具有潜在的致癌性而被禁用,导致该病近些年发生大规模传播和流行,给火鸡养殖业造成了严重的危害。近年来,随着国内规模化生态圈养和放养等健康养殖技术的示范和推广,组织滴虫病在我国鸡群中的流行和发生也越来越严重。本研究在前期获得火鸡组织滴虫分离株的基础上,通过体外连续传代选育出致弱虫株,并初步探究了其免疫保护效果。同时,研究了青蒿素对火鸡组织滴虫的体内外抑制效果,旨在为研制抵抗禽组织滴虫病的新药和疫苗提供一定的参考。1.火鸡组织滴虫传代致弱株的选育及其致弱效果将本实验室分离到的两株火鸡组织滴虫JSYZ-A和JSYZ-B体外连续传代培养,选育弱毒株,当传至一定代次时,将其和它们复苏的原先冻存株经泄殖腔人工感染18日龄白羽肉鸡,感染后饲养观察15天,然后全部扑杀,分别对各组鸡的临床表现、死亡率、增重情况、肝脏和盲肠病变计分情况进行统计分析,比较各虫株致病力的差异。结果表明:火鸡组织滴虫体外连续传代培养可降低其致病力。本研究获得火鸡组织滴虫传代致弱株,为下一步开展致弱株的免疫保护效果研究奠定基础。2.火鸡组织滴虫传代致弱株的免疫保护效果将火鸡组织滴虫传代致弱株JSYZ-B 332以103、104、105个/羽于15日龄经泄殖腔各接种10只黄羽肉鸡,接种21天后,以强毒株JSYZ-A 18 105个/羽经泄殖腔攻虫,15天后全部扑杀,分别对各组鸡的临床表现、死亡率、增重情况、肝脏和盲肠病变计分情况进行统计分析。结果表明:各免疫组的临床表现、死亡率都比未免疫攻虫对照组好;增重比未免疫攻虫对照组有所改善,且差异显著;肝脏和盲肠病变均比未免疫攻虫对照组轻,且差异显著。各剂量免疫组中,以高剂量组的免疫保护效果最佳。本研究表明火鸡组织滴虫传代致弱株JSYZ-B 332具有一定的免疫保护效果,可以进一步用于疫苗的研制。3.青蒿素对火鸡组织滴虫的体内外抑制效果在传代培养的虫体加入不同浓度的青蒿素(500ppm、1000ppm、1500ppm)和对照药物替硝唑,定期虫体计数,评价药物的抑制效果。结果表明:各浓度的青蒿素均能抑制火鸡组织滴虫的体外增殖,其中以1500 ppm的效果最佳。体内抑制试验分为感染给药组、感染不给药组和不感染不给药组,每组10只鸡,15日龄经泄殖腔人工感染JSYZ-A 18株,感染后给药组每天添加150mg/kg饲料的青蒿素,15天后全部扑杀,分别对各组鸡的发病率、死亡率、增重情况、肝脏和盲肠病变计分情况进行统计分析。结果表明:青蒿素保护组的临床表现、死亡率都比攻虫对照组好;增重介于攻虫对照组和健康对照组之间;肝脏和盲肠虽有病变,但程度比攻虫对照组轻。本研究表明青蒿素在体内外对火鸡组织滴虫均有一定的抑制效果,可以用于该病的临床防治。
[Abstract]:Avian tissue trichomoniasis (Histomoniasis), also known as contagious cecum hepatitis or "black head disease", is a primary parasitic disease of chicken shaped fowl caused by Histomonas meleagridis (H.meleagridis). It is characterized by liver necrosis, cecum swelling and sulphur excrement, and is highly lethal to turkeys. Serious economic losses. At present, the main use of chemical drugs in Europe and the United States and other turkeys is mainly used for prevention and treatment. But because most of these drugs have potential carcinogenicity, they are banned, causing the disease to spread and epidemic in recent years, causing serious harm to the breeding industry of Turkey. In recent years, with domestic The prevalence and occurrence of trichomoniasis in chicken groups in China is becoming more and more serious. On the basis of the early acquisition of the isolate of Trichomonas in Turkey, this study was carried out by continuous generation in vitro, and the effect of its immune protection was preliminarily explored. The effect of artemisinin in vivo and in vitro on Turkey Trichomonas was studied in order to provide a reference for the development of new drugs and vaccines against avian tissue trichomoniasis, and to provide a reference for the breeding of.1. Turkey Trichomonas, and the effect of its weak effect on the continuous subculture of two turkey tissue drops JSYZ-A and JSYZ-B isolated in our laboratory. The strain, when passed to a certain generation, infected 18 day old white feathered broilers by the cloaca of their resuscitation and their resuscitation old frozen storage plants for 15 days after infection. Then all the chickens were killed, and the clinical manifestations, mortality, weight gain, liver and blind enteropathy were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the continuous subculture of Trichomonas in Turkey tissue can reduce its pathogenicity. This study obtained the weak strain of the turkey Trichomonas, and laid the foundation for the immune protection effect of the next step to the immune protection of the weak strains. The immune protection effect of the.2. Turkey Trichomonas, a weak strain of the turkey tissue Trichomonas, will lead to the generation of the weak strain J of the turkey Trichomonas. SYZ-B 332 was inoculated with 10 yellow feathered broilers at 15 days of age at 15 days of age. After 21 days of inoculation, a strong strain of JSYZ-A 18105 / feathers were attacked by the cloaca and all were killed after 15 days. The clinical manifestations, mortality, weight gain, liver and cecum disease in each group were analyzed. The results showed that each immune system was immunized. The clinical manifestation of the group was better than that of the unimmunized control group; the weight gain was better than that of the unimmunized control group, and the difference was significant. The liver and cecum lesions were lighter than the unimmunized control group, and the difference was significant. The immunization of the high dose group was the best in each dose group. This study showed that the turkey Trichomonas was passed on. The weak strain JSYZ-B 332 has a certain immune protection effect. It can be further used in the development of vaccine for the development of.3. artemisinin in vivo and in vitro inhibition effect on Turkey tissue Trichomonas, which are added to different concentrations of artemisinin (500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm) and the control drug to nitrozole. The results showed that artemisinin of each concentration could inhibit the proliferation of Turkey Trichomonas in vitro, and the effect was 1500 ppm. In vivo inhibition test was divided into infection administration group, infection group and non infective group, 10 chickens in each group, 15 days of age through cloaca JSYZ-A 18, after infection, 150mg/kg feed was added to the drug group. The artemisinin was all killed 15 days later. The incidence, mortality, weight gain, liver and cecum disease score of each group were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the mortality of the artemisinin protection group was better than that of the attack control group; the weight gain was between the attack control group and the healthy control group; the liver and the cecum were ill. This study showed that artemisinin had a certain inhibitory effect on the turkey Trichomonas in vivo and in vitro and could be used for the prevention and treatment of the disease.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S858.39

【相似文献】