能量水平对舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能、瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃微生物数量的影响

发布时间：2018-05-16 03:14

本文选题：舍饲育肥牦牛 + 能量水平　；参考：《中国畜牧兽医》2017年02期

【摘要】：试验旨在探讨能量水平对舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能、瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃微生物数量的影响。选取体况良好、平均体重为(192.66±3.64)kg、3周龄左右的舍饲育肥麦洼公牦牛60头,采用单因素随机区组设计,分为3组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头牦牛。饲喂粗蛋白质(CP)水平为14.81%,增重净能(NEg)分别为4.17(低能量组,LE)、4.48(中能量组,ME)、4.79(高能量组,HE)MJ/kg的3种日粮。预试期7d,正试期90d。结果显示,ME和HE组的平均日增重(ADG)分别为1 099.89和1 019.02g/d,相对于LE组分别极显著提高了27.26%和17.90%(P0.01),且两组的料重比(F/G)值有显著低于LE组的趋势(P=0.073),而屠宰率有显著提高的趋势(P=0.092),但各组的干物质采食量(DMI)和净肉率无显著差异(P0.05);随着日粮能量水平的提高,牦牛瘤胃pH有显著降低的趋势(P=0.064),且以ME组最低;日粮能量水平的提高,有显著影响瘤胃异丁酸浓度(P=0.063)和乙酸/丙酸(P=0.074)的趋势;ME组的总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)和乙酸浓度均显著高于其余两组(P0.05),而戊酸浓度则随日粮能量水平的提高极显著升高(P0.01)。提高日粮能量水平有降低瘤胃黄色瘤胃球菌的相对含量的趋势(P=0.068),但对白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌没有显著影响(P0.05)。在本试验条件下,舍饲育肥牦牛日粮中适宜的NEg水平为4.48 MJ/kg(日粮DM)。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of energy level on growth performance, slaughter performance, rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial quantity of fattened yaks. 60 male yaks were fattened with a mean body weight of 192.66 卤3.64 kg / kg for 3 weeks. A single-factor randomized block design was used to divide them into 3 groups, 20 replicates in each group, and 1 yak per replica. The CP level of crude protein was 14.81 and the net energy gain (NEgg) was 4.17 (low energy group 4.48 (medium energy group 4.79) (high energy group) HEMJ / kg diet. The pretest period was 7 days and the positive test period was 90 days. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) of E and E groups were 1 099.89 and 1 019.02 g / d, respectively, which were 27.26% and 17.90% higher than those of le group, respectively, and the feed weight ratio (F / G) of the two groups was significantly lower than that of le group (P 0.073 3), and the slaughter rate was significantly higher than that of le group. The dry matter intake (DMI) and net meat rate of each group had no significant difference (P 0.05), but with the increase of dietary energy level, the dry matter intake (DMI) and net meat rate of each group were not significantly different. The rumen pH of yak decreased significantly (P < 0. 064), and the ME group was the lowest, and the dietary energy level was increased. There were significant effects on the concentration of isobutyric acid (P0. 063) and acetic acid / propionate (P0. 074). The total volatile fatty acid (TVB) and the concentration of acetic acid in the ME group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups. However, the concentration of valeric acid increased significantly with the increase of dietary energy level. Increasing dietary energy level had a tendency to decrease the relative content of rumen xanthococcus (P0.068), but had no significant effect on Rumen albicans and filamentous succinic bacteria (FSA). Under the experimental conditions, the suitable NEg level in the diet of fattening yaks was 4.48 MJ / kg (DMN).
【作者单位】：西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院;西南民族大学动物遗传育种学国家民委—教育部共建重点实验室;四川省阿坝州畜牧工作站;
【基金】：新丝路经济带少数民族地区畜产品优质安全技术与品牌创新模式研究及应用示范(2015BAD29B02) 国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD13B06)
【分类号】：S823.85

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