托克逊县部分地区牛环形泰勒虫病的流行病学调查

发布时间：2018-05-16 20:43

本文选题：环形泰勒虫 + 流行病学调查　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：牛环形泰勒虫病是由携带该病原的蜱叮咬和感染牛所致的一种原虫病。该病以高热、消瘦、贫血和周身淋巴结肿胀为特征,常引起牛致死性白细胞增殖紊乱。国际兽医局(OIE)把该病定为必须通报的重大动物疾病。牛环形泰勒虫的传播媒介为璃眼蜱属,在新疆分布较广,所携带的病原感染牛导致泰氏焦虫病常见、多发,严重危害养牛业的可持续发展,是重点防控的寄生虫病。因此,为了更好地对吐鲁番托克逊县部分地区牛环形泰勒虫病实施防控,本研究调查了解牛环形泰勒虫病及其传播媒介蜱的地方性流行规律,阐明环形泰勒虫病在当地的流行现状。本文对随机采自托克逊县夏乡南湖村的蜱虫和牛全血进行试验,通过显微镜蜱种鉴定发现该地牛环形泰勒虫的传播媒介蜱为小亚璃眼蜱。通过血液涂片检查,共104份血液样品中有53份发现了圆点状或戒指状的虫体,根据环形泰勒虫的病原形态可确诊这些虫体为牛环形泰勒虫,即阳性率为51.0%。统计不同年龄段牛只环形泰勒虫血涂片的感染情况,结果显示0~6月龄的牛对环形泰勒虫的感染率最高,为71.4%,与吐鲁番地区相关报道结果(1~3岁)不一致;分别计算各年龄段牛红细胞染虫率,发现带虫率不超过5%。统计18家养牛户血涂片的感染情况,发现有2家养牛户感染率为100%,有3家养牛户感染率为0,有10家养牛户的感染率不小于50%。本试验基本查清了目前牛环形泰勒虫在托克逊县夏乡南湖村的流行情况,可为当地牛环形泰勒虫病的综合防治提供参考资料。本试验参考Christine D’Oliveira中已发表的牛环形泰勒虫Tams1基因序列,合成一对特异性引物,提取环形泰勒虫病原DNA,对吐鲁番托克逊县随机104头份牛的全血进行了PCR检测,并在特异性和灵敏度方面与血液涂片方法进行对比检测。结果表明,PCR方法检出率(57.7%)高于血涂片的检出率(51.0%)。对不同年龄段牛的感染情况,PCR结果显示1~2岁的牛对环形泰勒虫的感染率最高,为72.7%,与吐鲁番地区相关报道结果(1~3岁)基本一致。各养牛户PCR方法检测感染率(56.1%)高于涂片染色镜检的感染率(48.1%),说明PCR检测方法较血涂片方法特异性强,灵敏度高。PCR诊断方法的建立为托克逊县夏乡南湖村牛泰式焦虫病的早期诊断提供了技术支撑,试验参数更准确地显示了该地牛环形泰勒虫的感染现状,为我区的牛环形泰勒虫病提供了防治依据。
[Abstract]:Bovine annular Taylor's disease is a protozoa caused by the bite and infection of ticks carrying the pathogen. The disease is characterized by high fever, emaciation, anemia and swelling of lymph nodes around the body, often leading to fatal bovine leukocyte proliferation disorder. The International Veterinary Bureau (OIEs) identifies the disease as a major animal disease that must be notified. The transmission medium of Taylor's annulus in cattle is Acari, which is widely distributed in Xinjiang, and the pathogen it carries is common and frequent in cattle, which seriously endangers the sustainable development of cattle industry and is a parasitic disease which is mainly controlled and prevented. Therefore, in order to better prevent and control bovine ringed Taylor disease in some areas of Turpan Tok Keson County, this study investigated the endemic laws of bovine ringed Taylor disease and its transmission vector ticks. To clarify the local prevalence of the circular Taylor's disease. In this paper, the whole blood of ticks and cattle collected from Nanhu Village, Xia Township, Tokeson County were randomly collected. It was found by microscopic identification that the transmission vector of Trichoderma annularis was Acari sibiricus. Through blood smear examination, 53 of 104 blood samples were found to have polka or ring shaped worms. According to the pathogenic morphology of the circular Taylor worm, the positive rate was 51. 0%, and the positive rate was 51. 0%. The results showed that the infection rate of 0- and 6-month-old cattle was the highest (71.4%), which was not consistent with the results reported in Turpan area. The rate of red blood cell infection of cattle in each age group was calculated, and the rate of carrying the worm was less than 5%. The infection rate of blood smears in 18 cattle households was analyzed. It was found that the infection rate was 100 in 2 cattle households, 0 in 3 cattle households, and no less than 50 in 10 cattle households. In this experiment, the current epidemic situation of the circular Taylor worm in the village of Nanhu, Xia Township, Tokson County was basically ascertained, which can provide reference for the comprehensive control of the disease of the cattle ring Taylor's disease in the local cattle. A pair of specific primers were synthesized with reference to the Tams1 gene sequence published in Christine D'Oliveira, and the whole blood samples of 104 cattle were detected by PCR. The specificity and sensitivity were compared with the blood smear method. The results showed that the detection rate of PCR was 57.7% higher than that of blood smear (51.0%). The results of PCR showed that the infection rate of 1 or 2 year old cattle was the highest (72.7%), which was consistent with the results reported in Turpan area (1 ~ 3 years old). The infection rate of PCR was 56.1% higher than that of smear stain microscopy (48.1%), indicating that the specificity of PCR was higher than that of blood smear. The establishment of the highly sensitive. PCR diagnostic method provided technical support for the early diagnosis of Taijiao disease of cattle in Xiaxiang Nanhu village of Tokson County, and the experimental parameters more accurately showed the current infection status of T. annulosa. It provides the basis for the prevention and control of bovine ringed Taylor's disease in our area.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.23

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