滇西地区畜禽戊型肝炎病毒流行病学调查

发布时间：2018-05-18 19:25

本文选题：戊型肝炎病毒 + 滇西地区　；参考：《大理大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:1.调查滇西地区大理市猪中戊型肝炎病毒的感染情况,探寻滇西地区大理市家畜戊型肝炎病毒的流行状况。2.调查滇西地区鸡及候鸟中的戊型肝炎病毒的感染情况,探寻滇西地区禽类动物中戊型肝炎病毒的流行状况,求证滇西地区戊型肝炎病毒是否存在通过候鸟迁徙而传播的可能。方法:1.从滇西地区大理市屠宰场收集273份猪血清样本,运用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)的方法来检测屠宰猪血清中的HEV抗体,探寻滇西地区大理市家畜戊型肝炎病毒的流行情况。2.从滇西地区(大理、丽江、楚雄、保山、瑞丽和怒江)的菜市场共采集1005份鸡血清样本,运用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)来检测鸡血清中的HEV抗体。3.对从大理小普陀和鹤庆草海采集的候鸟粪便使用RNA提取试剂盒的方法进行总RNA的抽提;采用AMW逆转录酶并以R1为逆转录引物的方法将提取的总RNA逆转录成c DNA;然后使用RT-PCR方法分别以c DNA和第一轮产物为模板,分两轮扩增分别用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,检测在359bp和221bp附近处是否出现条带。结果:1.2015至2016年我们对滇西地区大理市猪戊型肝炎病毒感染情况进行了调查,273份猪血清中戊型肝炎病毒抗HEV Ig G呈阳性的猪血清有5份,阳性率为1.83%(5/273);戊型肝炎病毒抗HEV Ig M呈阳性的猪血清有3份,阳性率为1.10%(3/273)。本次调查发现滇西地区大理市猪戊型肝炎病毒感染率为2.93%(8/273)。此次调查与以往调查的猪戊型肝炎病毒感染率差异明显,具有显著性差异(χ2=25.85,p0.05),差异具有统计学意义,本次调查大理市猪戊型肝炎病毒感染率低于以往的调查结果。2.从2014年至2016年,我们在滇西地区共检测1005份鸡血清,鸡戊型肝炎病毒感染率最高的地区是丽江,为1.63%(3/184);保山、瑞丽和怒江三地的鸡中并未检测出HEV抗体。此次调查发现,滇西地区鸡中的戊型肝炎病毒总体感染率为0.90%(9/1005)。3.从2015至2016年期间,我们对采集的183份新鲜候鸟粪便进行HEV RNA的检测,未能扩增出预期位置的条带,未在候鸟中检测出HEV。结论:1.滇西地区大理市猪戊型肝炎病毒感染率为2.93%。2.滇西地区鸡中存在戊型肝炎病毒感染,且戊型肝炎病毒在滇西地区鸡中感染率为0.90%。3.本研究在滇西地区候鸟中尚未发现戊型肝炎病毒感染。
[Abstract]:Purpose 1. To investigate the infection of hepatitis E virus in pigs in Dali city of western Yunnan, and to find out the epidemic status of hepatitis E virus in livestock in Dali city of western Yunnan province. To investigate the infection of hepatitis E virus in chickens and migratory birds in western Yunnan, to find out the prevalence of hepatitis E virus in poultry in western Yunnan, and to find out whether hepatitis E virus can be transmitted by migratory birds in western Yunnan. Method 1: 1. A total of 273 pig serum samples were collected from slaughterhouses of Dali city in western Yunnan province. Elisa method was used to detect HEV antibody in slaughtered pig serum and to explore the epidemic situation of hepatitis E virus in livestock of Dali city in western Yunnan. A total of 1005 chicken serum samples were collected from vegetable markets in western Yunnan (Dali, Lijiang, Chuxiong, Baoshan, Ruili and Nujiang). Elisa was used to detect HEV antibody. The total RNA was extracted from the faeces of migratory birds collected from Xiao Putuo of Dali and Caohai of Heqing using RNA extraction kit. Using AMW reverse transcriptase and R1 as the reverse transcription primer, the extracted total RNA was reverse transcribed into c DNAs, and then RT-PCR method was used to amplify the total RNA into c DNAs by using c DNA and the first round of products as templates, respectively. The PCR products were amplified by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively. Detect bands near 359bp and 221bp. Results 1. From 2015 to 2016, we investigated the infection of porcine hepatitis E virus in Dali city, western Yunnan Province. Five of 273 swine sera were positive for hepatitis E virus (HEV Ig G). The positive rate was 1.83%, and the positive rate was 1.10 / 273% in 3 sera of pigs with hepatitis E virus anti HEV Ig M positive. This investigation found that the infection rate of porcine hepatitis E virus in Dali city is 2.93%. The infection rate of porcine hepatitis E virus in Dali city was significantly lower than that in Dali city. From 2014 to 2016, we tested a total of 1005 chicken sera in western Yunnan. The highest infection rate of hepatitis E virus in chickens was in Lijiang, where the infection rate was 1.63%, and no HEV antibody was detected in the chickens of Baoshan, Ruili and Nujiang. The survey found that the overall infection rate of hepatitis E virus in chickens in western Yunnan was 0. 90%. From 2015 to 2016, we detected the HEV RNA of 183 fresh migratory bird droppings, and failed to amplify the bands of the expected position, and not to detect the HEV RNA in the migratory birds. Conclusion 1. The infection rate of porcine hepatitis E virus in Dali city is 2.933. 2. Hepatitis E virus infection exists in chickens in western Yunnan, and the infection rate of hepatitis E virus in chickens in western Yunnan is 0.90.1%. Hepatitis E virus infection has not been found in migratory birds in western Yunnan.
【学位授予单位】：大理大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S855.3

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