天山北坡山地草原类组草地植物群落特征及多样性动态分析

发布时间：2018-05-19 15:38

本文选题：天山北坡 + 山地草原　；参考：《新疆农业科学》2017年01期

【摘要】：【目的】针对天山北坡山地草原不同群落类型,测定不同月份间草地群落植物优势种的高度、盖度、密度、地上生物量,计算重要值,分析多样性指数的动态变化。【方法】在不同草地类型上设立固定监测样地,十字交叉法设立定点1 m×1 m样方,从牧草返青期至结实期每月定期测定植物群落高度、盖度、密度及地上生物量。【结果】植物群落的高度、盖度、地上生物量在5~9月期间均表现出春末夏初高,8、9月低的动态变化规律;不同草地类型主要优势种重要值存在一定差异,5~9月重要值呈逐渐降低趋势,尤其是家畜喜食的牧草,如针茅、羊茅的重要值降低较为明显,而杂类草重要值未呈现出一定的规律性;群落Simpson指数D和Shannon-Wiener指数H、均匀度指数Esw和丰富度指数R均表现出升高-降低-再升高的趋势,且Simpson指数D和Shannon-Wiener指数H及物种丰富度R与地上生物量呈显著正相关,而均匀度指数与地上生物量呈不显著负相关。【结论】不同草地型间的植物群落数量特征随季节变化呈先升高后降低趋势,物种多样性呈先升高后降低再升高的月动态变化规律,研究结果可为合理利用草地提供数据支持。
[Abstract]:[objective] to determine the height, coverage, density, aboveground biomass and important value of dominant species in grassland communities in different months according to different community types of grassland on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain. The dynamic change of diversity index was analyzed. [methods] fixed monitoring plots were set up on different grassland types and fixed spot 1 m 脳 1 m sample square was set up by cross crossing method. The plant community height and coverage were measured regularly from the green stage to the fruiting stage of forage. Density and aboveground biomass. [results] the plant community height, coverage and aboveground biomass showed the dynamic changes from May to September in late spring and early summer. The important values of main dominant species in different grassland types showed a decreasing trend from May to September, especially the important values of fescue, such as fescue and fescue. Simpson index D, Shannon-Wiener index H, evenness index Esw and richness index R all showed the trend of rising, decreasing and increasing, while the important value of hybrid grass did not show certain regularity, and the community Simpson index D and Shannon-Wiener index H, evenness index Esw and richness index R all showed the trend of rising, decreasing and increasing. Simpson index D, Shannon-Wiener index H and species richness R were positively correlated with aboveground biomass. There was no significant negative correlation between evenness index and aboveground biomass. [conclusion] the quantitative characteristics of plant communities in different grassland types increased first and then decreased with seasonal variation. Species diversity increased first and then decreased and then increased. The results of the study can provide data support for rational utilization of grassland.
【作者单位】：新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室;
【基金】：新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室开放课题“天山北坡草原草地不同型植被光谱研究”(XJDX0209-2013-03) 国家自然科学基金项目“新疆天然草地野生鸭茅种质资源多样性形成机理研究”(31560658) 新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室资助~~
【分类号】：S812

【相似文献】