太湖鹅Adiponectin和Ghrelin基因多态性与生长发育性能和屠宰性能关联性分析

发布时间：2018-05-21 07:11

本文选题：太湖鹅 + Adiponectin　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：太湖鹅是我国优质的种质资源,具有繁殖力高、抗病力强、觅食力好、饲料回报率高、性成熟早、就巢性弱、患病少及肉质鲜嫩等特点,但因其生长速度慢、体重较轻,受到外来品种冲击较大,加上因近亲交配导致的品种退化,其养殖规模急剧下降。为充分利用该种质资源,了解其早期生长发育规律及屠宰性能等经济性状,寻找与其主要经济性状相关的SNPs,为太湖鹅分子标记辅助育种提供技术支撑,以期为今后的品种保护和开发利用提供理论依据。本研究对太湖鹅体重与体尺性状指标进行了主成分分析,利用直接测序法对两个与太湖鹅生产性能相关的候选基因Adiponectin和Ghrelin基因进行多态性分析,采用最小二乘法分析其与生长性状和屠体性状的相关性,结果表明:(1)对太湖鹅9个体尺性状和体重指标进行测定。公母鹅间比较研究表明:母鹅相比于公鹅体尺指标与体重关联性更高;公鹅半潜水长与胸宽存在极显著正相关(PP0.01)而母鹅半潜水长与髋骨宽存在极显著正相关(P0.01),在以后生产实践中可以通过半潜水长来了解公鹤胸部发育情况和母鹅骨盆发育情况,具有很好的指导意义。公鹅可以提取5个主成分F1、F2、F3、F4、F5,它们对生长性状的累计贡献率为86.780%,各主成分上载荷最大的依次为龙骨长、体斜长、胫长、胸宽、髋骨宽,因此至少应选取以上5个指标对公鹅的生长性状进行选育。母鹅也可提取5个主成分F1、F2、F3、F4、F5,它们对生长性状的累计贡献率为87.586%,从其特征向量可知,各主成分上载荷最大的依次为髋骨宽、胫长、胸宽、胸深,因此至少应选取以上4个指标对母鹅的生长性状进行选育。(2)分别采用直接测序方法对太湖鹅Adiponectin绝大部分区域和Ghrelin部分区域的SNP位点进行扫描,结果发现:Adiponectin基因 8 个 SNP 位点:C155T、G244A、C252T、C422T、A428G、A429G、C431T、G605A。基因 Ghrelin9 个 SNP 位点:第 2 内含子中 C76T、C145G、C266T、A289G、A373G和第 3 内含子中 T9C、A72G、A127C、A311G。x~2检验结果表明,各座位P值均小于0.05,说明各座位数据来自同一孟德尔遗传群体,处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。(3)连锁不平衡分析表明Adiponectin基因的C155T、G244A、C252T、C422T、G605A之间和A428G、A429G、C431T之间处于完美连锁不平衡状态以及Ghrelin基因的C76T与A289G、C145G与T9C、C266T与A373G、A72G间为较强连锁不平衡;A127分别与C266T、A373G、A72G也达到了有意义的连锁不平衡。(4)基因关联性分析表明:Adiponectin基因C155T、A428G位点对太湖鹅腿肌率有极显著影响(P0.01),C155T对胫长、腿肌重有显著影响(P0.05),A428G位点对半潜水长、胸宽、腿肌重有显著影响(P0.05);Ghrelin基因C76T位点对体斜长有极显著影响(P0.01),对6周龄体重和龙骨长有显著影响(P0.05);C145G、T9C位点对1周龄体重、胸深、胫长有显著影响(P0.05);T266C、G373A、A72G、A127C 位点对胸宽有显著影响(P0.05);G289A位点对体斜长有极显著影响(P0.01),对龙骨长有显著影响(P0.05);A311G位点对体斜长、胸宽有显著影响(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:Taihu goose is a high quality germplasm resource in China. It has the characteristics of high fecundity, strong disease resistance, good foraging ability, high feed return rate, early sexual maturity, weak nest, less disease and meat quality. But because of its slow growth and light weight, it is greatly impacted by foreign varieties, and the breeding scale is sharp, and the breeding scale is sharp. In order to make full use of the germplasm resources, understand its early growth and development law and slaughter performance and other economic characters, find SNPs related to its main economic characters, provide technical support for Taihu goose molecular marker assisted breeding, in order to provide theoretical basis for the future variety protection and development and utilization. This study on the body weight and body of Taihu goose The principal component analysis was carried out, and two candidate genes Adiponectin and Ghrelin genes related to the production performance of Taihu goose were analyzed by direct sequencing. The correlation between the growth traits and the carcass traits was analyzed by the least square method. The results showed that: (1) the 9 individual characters and weight indexes of the Taihu goose were entered. The comparison between male goose and geese showed that the female geese had a higher correlation with the body weight than the male geese, and there was a significant positive correlation between the length of the male geese and the width of the chest (PP0.01), while the half diving length of the goose had a significant positive correlation with the width of the hip bone (P0.01). In the future production practice, the development of the male cranes could be understood by the half diving length. The situation and the development of the goose pelvis have good guiding significance. The male geese can extract 5 main components, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and their cumulative contribution to the growth traits is 86.780%. The largest load on the main components is the length of the keel, the length of the body, the length of the tibia, the width of the chest and the width of the hip bone. Therefore, at least 5 indexes should be selected for the growth of the goose. The female goose can also extract 5 main components, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and their cumulative contribution to the growth traits is 87.586%. From its characteristic vector, the largest load of the main components is the width of the hip bone, the tibia length, the chest width and the chest depth. Therefore, at least 4 indexes should be selected to select the growth traits of the goose. (2) respectively direct the use of the growth traits. The SNP loci in most of Taihu goose Adiponectin and Ghrelin parts were scanned by sequencing. The results showed that the 8 SNP loci of the Adiponectin gene were C155T, G244A, C252T, C422T, A428G, A429G, C431T, and third introns. The results of T9C, A72G, A127C, and A311G.x~2 test showed that the P values of each seat were less than 0.05, indicating that the data of each seat were from the same Mendel genetic population and in the equilibrium state of Hardy-Weinberg. (3) the linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that the Adiponectin gene was in a perfect linkage disequilibrium between C155T, G244A, C252T, and C422T. The C76T and A289G of the Ghrelin gene, C145G and T9C, C266T and A373G, A72G are strong linkage disequilibrium, A127 and C266T, A373G, and A72G also reached meaningful linkage disequilibrium. (4) gene correlation analysis showed that the locus had a very significant influence on the leg muscle rate of Taihu goose. There was significant effect (P0.05). The A428G locus had significant influence on the length of semi diving, chest width and leg muscle weight (P0.05); the C76T locus of the Ghrelin gene had a significant effect on body slanting (P0.01), and had significant influence on body weight and long bone length at 6 weeks (P0.05); C145G and T9C had significant influence on the body weight, chest depth and tibia length of the 1 week age (P0.05); T266C, G373A, G373A, etc. The point had a significant effect on the chest width (P0.05), and the G289A locus had a significant effect on the length of body (P0.01), which had a significant effect on the length of the keel (P0.05), and the A311G site had a significant effect on the length of the body and the width of the chest (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S835

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