南京市区猫下泌尿道结石的调查和临床病例研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 09:14

本文选题：猫 + 下泌尿道结石　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：猫下泌尿道结石是猫常见的泌尿系统疾病之一,也是宠物猫中常见的营养代谢病,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,家庭宠物尤其是猫的饲养量迅速增加,宠物猫的健康问题也日益受到关注,由于不合理的喂养,导致宠物猫的下泌尿道结石疾病有逐年递增的趋势,但目前仍缺乏对某地区猫下泌尿道结石系统性调查分析。为此,我们对南京市区猫下泌尿道结石的发病情况进行系统的调查,分析其流行病学特征,同时对泌尿道结石的显微结构和化学组成进行分析,为临床该病的防治提供一些有价值的科学依据。试验一:南京市区猫下泌尿道结石的流行病学调查收集2011年1月1日至2014年12月31日期间南京市区5家具有代表性的宠物医院确诊为猫下泌尿道结石临床病例资料进行统计分析。结果表明:这4年中到5家宠物医院就诊的猫病例共12619例,确诊为猫下泌尿道结石的临床病例为448例,发病率为3.55%;其中公猫占324例,母猫占124例,公母比例约为2.61:1。公猫患下泌尿道结石的平均年龄为3.28±0.13岁,低于母猫的4.42±0.36岁,P0.01,差异显著。公猫患下泌尿道结石的平均体重为5.05±0.67kg,高于母猫的4.37±0.12kg,P0.01,差异显著。由此可见南京市区猫下泌尿道结石的发生与猫的性别、年龄及体重有关。试验二:南京市区猫下泌尿道结石的显微结构与化学成分分析运用化学定性、扫描电镜观察、X-射线能谱分析、傅里叶红外光谱分析方法对南京市区5家具有代表性的宠物医院确诊为猫下泌尿道结石临床病例收集到的36份尿结石样本的显微结构和化学组成成分进行分析。结果表明:在36份尿结石样品中,主要有两种类型,分别为:磷酸铵镁结石、草酸钙结石。其中磷酸铵镁结石占总样本的69.44%(25/36),草酸钙结石占22.22%(8/36),其它3份为混合型结石。还对所有结石样品的显微结构进行了观察描述,对结石的形成原因作了简要的讨论。试验三:猫下泌尿道结石典型临床病例的诊断与治疗在临床上,根据患猫下泌尿道结石的不同病情,应采取的不同治疗方法。猫下泌尿结石不完全阻塞的病例可采取保守疗法,猫膀胱结石的病例常采取膀胱切开取石术,猫膀胱及尿道结石的病例可采取尿道造口术。
[Abstract]:Urethral calculus is one of the common diseases of urinary system in cats, and it is also a common nutritional metabolic disease in cats. With the improvement of people's living standard, the feeding quantity of family pets, especially cats, increases rapidly. The health problems of pet cats have been paid more and more attention. Due to unreasonable feeding, the lower urinary calculi of pet cats are increasing year by year, but there is still a lack of systematic investigation and analysis of cats' lower urinary calculi in a certain area. Therefore, we made a systematic investigation on the incidence of urinary calculi in cats in Nanjing urban area, analyzed their epidemiological characteristics, and analyzed the microstructure and chemical composition of urethral calculi. To provide some valuable scientific basis for clinical prevention and treatment of the disease. Study 1: epidemiological investigation of urinary calculi in cats in Nanjing City from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014, 5 representative pet hospitals in Nanjing City were diagnosed with urethrolithiasis in cats. The data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that there were 12619 cat cases in 5 pet hospitals in the last four years, and 448 cases were diagnosed as lower urinary calculi in cats, the incidence rate was 3.555.324 cases were male cats, 124 cases were female cats, and the ratio of male and female was about 2.61: 1. The mean age of urinary calculi in male cats was 3.28 卤0.13 years old, which was significantly lower than that in female cats (4.42 卤0.36 years old, P 0.01). The average body weight of urinary calculi in male cats was 5.05 卤0.67 kg, which was higher than that in female cats (4.37 卤0.12 kg, P 0.01). It can be seen that the occurrence of urinary calculi in cats in Nanjing is related to their sex, age and weight. Experiment 2: microstructure and chemical composition analysis of urethral stones in cats in Nanjing City. X-ray energy spectrum analysis was performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), using chemical qualitative analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition of 36 urinary stone samples collected from 5 representative pet hospitals in Nanjing. The results showed that there were two main types of urinary calculi in 36 samples: magnesium ammonium phosphate stone and calcium oxalate stone. Magnesium ammonium phosphate stones accounted for 25 / 36 of the total samples, calcium oxalate stones accounted for 22.22 / 86 / 36, and the other 3 were mixed calculi. The microstructure of all stone samples was also observed and the causes of stone formation were briefly discussed. Test three: the diagnosis and treatment of typical clinical cases of urethral calculi in cats, according to the different conditions of urethral calculi in cats, different treatment methods should be taken. Conservative therapy can be used in patients with incomplete obstruction of urinary calculi in cats, cystolithotomy is often used in cases of urinary calculi in cats, urethrostomy is used in cases of urethrolithiasis in cats.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.293

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