放牧对青海湖北岸高寒草原植物群落特征的影响

发布时间：2018-05-25 07:09

  本文选题：高寒草原 + 暖季放牧　； 参考：《草业科学》2016年08期

【摘要】：基于青海湖北岸高寒草原连续3年放牧控制试验,研究了暖季和冷季放牧草地植物群落特征的变化。结果表明,暖季和冷季放牧草地群落地上生物量均随放牧强度的增加呈现下降趋势,禾本科地上生物量的变化趋势基本与群落地上生物量的一致;中度放牧对暖季放牧草地植被的影响程度高于冷季放牧草地;围栏封育区和冷季重度放牧草地的优势种均为紫花针茅(Stipapurpurea)和矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis),暖季放牧各放牧小区和冷季放牧草地轻度和中度放牧处理优势种均为紫花针茅和披针叶黄华(Thermopsis lanceolata);随放牧强度的增加,暖季放牧草地群落物种多样性指数和均匀度指数表现出先降低后增加的趋势,冷季放牧草地群落物种多样性指数和均匀度指数表现出增加的趋势,但是多样性指数在暖、冷季放牧草地均以重度放牧区最高。
[Abstract]:Based on the grazing control experiments of alpine steppe on the northern shore of Qinghai Lake for three consecutive years, the changes of plant community characteristics of grazing grassland in warm season and cold season were studied. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of grazing grassland in warm season and cold season decreased with the increase of grazing intensity, and the change trend of aboveground biomass of Gramineae was basically consistent with that of community. The effect of moderate grazing on grassland vegetation in warm season was higher than that in cold season. The dominant species were Stipapurpurea (Stipapurpurea) and Kobresia humilis (Kobresia humilisus) in fenced area and heavy grazing grassland in cold season. The dominant species under mild and moderate grazing in warm season grazing areas and in cold season grazing grassland were Stipa lanceolata and lanceolus. Thermopsis lanceolataan; with the increase of grazing intensity, The species diversity index and evenness index of grazing grassland community in warm season decreased first and then increased, and the species diversity index and evenness index of grazing grassland community in cold season showed an increasing trend, but the diversity index was warm. The grazed grassland in cold season was the highest in heavy grazing area.
【作者单位】： 青海大学研究生院;青海省畜牧兽医科学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(30960074;31370469)
【分类号】：S812.8
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本文编号：1932554