不同利用方式下内蒙古典型草原群落物种相互关系的年际变化

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:04

本文选题：不同利用方式 + 典型草原群落　；参考：《生态学报》2017年19期

【摘要】：放牧和刈割作为内蒙古草原主要利用方式,对大针茅群落演替以及建群种更替有着重要影响。以内蒙古典型草原大针茅群落为研究对象,2013—2015年连续3年对放牧和刈割两种利用方式下大针茅群落小尺度格局进行定点观测,其中,2014年气候极端干旱且温度较高;运用Ecosim7.72软件计算C-score和V-ratio来反映群落物种间相互作用关系,并分析相互作用关系的年际变化以及影响因素。结果表明:(1)2013年和2015年温度和降水与该区域年均值比较接近,放牧和刈割两种利用方式下群落植物间相互作用关系均为竞争;(2)2014年为极端干旱和高温的年份,放牧和刈割两种利用方式下群落植物间相互作用的值或方向发生了很大变化,其中,放牧利用加剧植物间的竞争,而刈割利用方式下植物间相互作用为促进。(3)所得结果表明气候波动是影响群落物种间相互作用的主要因素,而在极端年份,利用方式会影响群落物种间相互作用的方向和大小,这不仅为胁迫梯度假说的完善提供了实验数据,而且可为该区域草原的合理利用和保护措施的制定提供理论指导。
[Abstract]:Grazing and mowing, as the main ways of utilization in Inner Mongolia grassland, have an important influence on the succession of Stipa grandis community and the succession of species. The small scale pattern of Stipa grandis community under grazing and mowing was observed for three consecutive years from 2013 to 2015 in the typical grassland of Inner Mongolia. Among them, the climate was extremely arid and the temperature was high in 2014. Ecosim7.72 software was used to calculate C-score and V-ratio to reflect the interspecies interaction, and to analyze the interannual variation of the interaction relationship and its influencing factors. The results showed that the annual mean values of temperature and precipitation in 2013 and 2015 were close to those in the region, and the interaction relationship between grazing and mowing was competitive. 2014 was the year of extreme drought and high temperature. The value or direction of plant interaction between communities has changed greatly under both grazing and mowing patterns, in which grazing use intensifies competition among plants. The results showed that the climate fluctuation was the main factor affecting the interaction between species, and in extreme years, the pattern of utilization would affect the direction and magnitude of the interaction between species. This not only provides experimental data for the improvement of the stress gradient hypothesis, but also provides theoretical guidance for the rational utilization of grassland and the formulation of protection measures in the region.
【作者单位】：南开大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31570427)
【分类号】：S812

【相似文献】