病毒感染激活炎症小体的分子机制

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:44

本文选题：病毒 + 细胞焦亡　；参考：《畜牧兽医学报》2016年11期

【摘要】：炎症小体是宿主细胞应对外界刺激、特殊病原或细胞损伤相关分子产生的一类多聚蛋白复合物,可以直接导致宿主细胞发生炎性坏死,即细胞焦亡。炎症小体复合物主要由炎症信号识别受体、凋亡相关点样蛋白(ASC)和含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸水解酶1(caspase-1)组成。炎症信号识别受体识别刺激信号后,自身发生寡聚化,并募集ASC和caspase-1,活化的caspase-1切割促炎症因子前体(pro-IL)-1β和IL-18,产生成熟的促炎细胞因子IL-1β和IL-18。根据炎症信号识别受体的种类,炎症小体主要分为两类,即核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体(NLR)炎症小体和黑色素瘤缺乏因子2样受体(ALR)炎症小体。宿主细胞可以识别病毒的不同结构,如离子通道蛋白、非结构蛋白和病毒核酸等,并产生相应的炎症小体,进而激活后续炎症和免疫相关反应导致细胞焦亡。作者从病毒结构的角度出发,阐述了宿主细胞是如何应对病毒不同结构的刺激并产生相应的炎症小体。
[Abstract]:Inflammatory corpuscles are a kind of polymeric protein complexes produced by host cells in response to external stimuli, special pathogens or molecules associated with cell injury, which can directly lead to inflammatory necrosis of host cells, that is, cell pyrolysis. The inflammatory body complex is mainly composed of inflammatory signal recognition receptor, apoptosis-associated protein aspartate hydrolase (caspase-1) and aspartate hydrolase 1 (caspase-1). After the inflammatory signal recognition receptor recognizes the stimulus signal, it oligomerizes itself and raises ASC and caspase-1. The activated caspase-1 cleavage proinflammatory factor pro-IL-1 尾 and IL-18 to produce mature pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 尾 and IL-18. According to the types of receptors recognized by inflammatory signals, inflammatory corpuscles are mainly divided into two categories: nucleotide binding oligodeoxyribonucleotide domain like receptor (NLRR) inflammatory corpuscles and melanoma lacking factor 2-like receptor (ALR) inflammatory corpuscles. Host cells can recognize different structures of viruses, such as ion channel proteins, non-structural proteins and viral nucleic acids, and produce corresponding inflammatory bodies, which in turn activate subsequent inflammation and immune-related reactions leading to cell pyrolysis. From the point of view of virus structure, this paper describes how host cells respond to the stimulation of different virus structures and produce corresponding inflammatory corpuscles.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所家畜疫病病原生物学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：中国农业科学院创新工程基金公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303059)
【分类号】：R373

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