21%氯氨吡啶酸水剂对不同生育期黄花棘豆的防控效果及对草地植被的影响

发布时间：2018-06-05 04:09

本文选题：氯氨吡啶酸 + 黄花棘豆　；参考：《植物保护》2016年06期

【摘要】：在黄花棘豆的不同生育期(返青期、现蕾期和初花期)以不同浓度的21%氯氨吡啶酸水剂对天然草地进行喷施,探讨其对黄花棘豆的防控效果和对草地植被的影响。结果表明,21%氯氨吡啶酸水剂对于黄花棘豆有很强的灭除效果:喷施后15d,85%的植株表现出明显药害症状;喷施后35d,92.5%的植株药害等级达到4级。喷施后75d,125.0mL/hm2处理的株防效可达85%以上;187.5mL/hm2处理的株防效可达95%。在鲜重防效方面,高浓度和低浓度处理都可达95%以上的防控效果。不同喷施时期和喷施浓度对于草地其他植物和草产量的影响存在明显差异。对于双子叶植物,高浓度和低浓度喷施水平下其草产量都明显降低,分别降低52.5%和40.3%,降低趋势为返青期现蕾期初花期。单子叶植物受21%氯氨吡啶酸水剂的影响不同于双子叶植物:高浓度喷施,所有处理组草产量都显著降低,平均降低18.7%;低浓度喷施时,返青期草产量降低26.3%,现蕾期和初花期草产量增加,分别增加1.0%和10.6%。对草地植被的调查表明,21%氯氨吡啶酸水剂喷施后草地单位面积植物种数、盖度和植物多样性都有明显的降低。
[Abstract]:The natural grassland was sprayed with 21% chloropyridine acid at different growth stages (green stage, budding stage and early flowering stage) in order to study its control effect and the effect on grassland vegetation. The results showed that 21% chloropyridyl acid water had a strong killing effect on Spinia spp. After spraying, 85% of the plants showed obvious symptoms of drug injury, and 35 days after spraying, 92.5% of the plants reached grade 4. After 75 days of spraying, the plant control effect of 125.0 mL / hm ~ 2 treatment can reach 85% or more than 187.5 mL / hm ~ 2 treatment, and the plant control effect can reach 95%. In the aspect of control effect of fresh weight, the control effect of high concentration and low concentration can reach more than 95%. The effects of spraying time and concentration on the yield of other plants and grasses were significantly different. For dicotyledonous plants, the yield of dicotyledonous plants decreased by 52.5% and 40.3%, respectively, at high and low concentration spraying levels. Monocotyledonous plants were affected by 21% chloropyridine acid as compared with dicotyledonous plants: when sprayed with high concentration, the yield of all treatments decreased significantly, and the average decreased by 18.7%. The yield of grass decreased by 26.3% at the stage of returning to green, and increased by 1.0% and 10.6% at budding stage and early flowering stage, respectively. The investigation of grassland vegetation showed that the number of plant species, coverage and plant diversity per unit area of grassland were significantly decreased after spraying 21% chloropyridine acid.
【作者单位】：北京草业与环境研究发展中心;农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室;青海大学农牧学院;青海省草原总站;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203062)
【分类号】：S812.6

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