海南定安鹅产蛋、就巢规律及激素调控的相关研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 11:35

  本文选题：定安鹅 + 产蛋　； 参考：《海南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：定安鹅是我国优良地方遗传资源。本项目通过对定安鹅繁殖周期规律的研究,以期揭示产蛋、就巢规律：通过采用(ELISA)试剂盒,对定安鹅繁殖周期主要生殖激素浓度的测定,研究其生殖激素分泌的变化规律,探讨定安鹅产蛋和就巢规律；通过采用组织切片和扫描电镜对繁殖期定安鹅卵巢微组织结构变化进行观察,探讨产蛋、就巢卵巢上卵泡的发育规律和微组织学变化；通过肌注或口服外源性激素和冷应激作用于就巢的定安鹅,并测定PRL、E、P、FSH、LH的浓度,观测卵巢形态、显微结构的变化及繁殖性能变化,探讨产蛋及就巢周期的变化,揭示定安鹅产蛋、就巢规律及其调控机理。综上研究,为应用激素免疫技术对就巢母鹅进行人工醒巢,提供可靠的科学依据。其主要研究结果如下： 1、定安鹅产蛋周期为上年9月至次年6月下旬,年平均产蛋量为35～40枚。就巢次数平均为4-5次,就巢平均总天数为112.5+16.5天,每次平均就巢天数为28.2±5.1天。 2、定安鹅产蛋适宜温区为17℃～25℃,其中18℃左右最好；适宜平均日光照为1.1～4.3h,其中平均日光照1.1-2.1h最好。产蛋期就巢总天数与产蛋量呈显著负相关(P0.05)；日光照与产蛋量呈极显著负相关(P0.01)；平均温度与产蛋量呈极显著负相关(P0.01)。 3、开产期GnRH、FSH和LH反应活跃,对卵巢卵泡发育起主导作用。产蛋期E2、P4和PRL分泌活性高,对产蛋起主导作用。就巢期PRL和P维持很高的分泌水平,协同维持就巢。 4、就巢期,卵泡闭锁,卵泡停止发育,卵巢萎缩；开产期,成熟卵泡和次级卵泡突出卵巢表面,卵泡生长发育活跃,卵巢表现扩张；产蛋期,生长卵泡发育减缓,卵巢开始收缩,排卵后卵泡壁很快退化,无黄体生成。扫描电镜可观察到,定安鹅卵巢上皮细胞形态自就巢期、开产期和产蛋高峰期表现为由隆起渐趋平坦；上皮细胞层由不完整至完整；细胞间微绒毛由少渐多。 5、肌注或口服外源性激素后,激素通过下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴调控,使就巢母鹅卵巢激活,恢复产蛋；产蛋到一定量后,生殖激素达到一定阈值,致使卵巢萎缩,卵泡发育中断或闭锁,定安鹅又恢复就巢状态。但,不同激素作用强度不同,醒巢时间各有差异。 6、就巢母鹅经冷应激后,定安鹅体内的内分泌平衡被打破,导致定安鹅繁殖活性缓慢恢复,进入产蛋期。当生殖激素达到一定阈值后,母鹅停产就巢,从而导致卵巢萎缩,卵泡发育中断或闭锁,定安鹅又恢复就巢状态。 7、丙酸睾丸酮、氯前列醇、甲磺酸溴隐亭及冷应激均能对就巢母鹅醒巢,其醒巢效果优劣顺序为：肌注丙酸睾丸酮口服溴隐亭片肌注氯前列醇冷应激。
[Abstract]:Dingan goose is an excellent local genetic resource in China. In this project, the breeding cycle of Dingan goose was studied in order to reveal the rule of laying eggs, and the rule of nest: through the determination of the concentration of the main reproductive hormones in the breeding cycle of Dingan goose, the change law of the secretion of reproductive hormone was studied by using EISA-kit. To explore the rule of laying eggs and nest in Dingan Goose, to observe the changes of ovarian microtissue structure in Dingan Goose during breeding period by using tissue section and scanning electron microscope, and to discuss the rules of follicle development and microhistologic changes on the nesting ovary of Dingan Goose. Dingan geese were treated by intramuscular injection or oral administration of exogenous sex hormones and cold stress, and the concentration of PRLE-EPS FSHH LH was measured. The changes of ovarian morphology, microstructure and reproductive performance were observed. The changes of egg laying and nest cycle were discussed, and the egg laying of Dingan goose was revealed. The rule of nest and its regulating mechanism are discussed. This study provides a reliable scientific basis for artificial awakening of nest goose by hormone immunological technique. The main results are as follows: 1. The egg laying cycle of Dingan goose is from September last year to late June of the following year. The average number of nests is 4-5, the average total number of nests is 112.5 16.5days, the average number of nests is 28.2 卤5.1days. The optimum temperature range for laying eggs of Dingan geese is 17 鈩，

本文编号：2005057