试验增温和放牧对门源草原毛虫生长发育的影响
发布时间:2018-06-12 06:06
本文选题:增温 + 放牧 ; 参考:《草业学报》2016年01期
【摘要】:青藏高原是全球气候变暖的敏感区域之一,门源草原毛虫作为青藏高原东北部高寒草甸的主要害虫之一,虫害爆发时造成牧草短缺,引发家畜口膜炎甚至死亡。因此,未来持续增温情况下,门源草原毛虫的表现对当地畜牧业生产安全至关重要。通过野外控制试验,探讨增温(日增温1.2℃/夜增温1.7℃)和放牧对草原毛虫生长发育的影响。结果表明,放牧显著提高了幼虫生长速率和蛹重,雌蛹增重比率约为雄蛹的2倍。增温显著缩短了草原毛虫幼虫期(雌性幼虫4.4d、雄性幼虫7.0d)和蛹期(雌蛹3.6d、雄蛹4.6d),而且引发雄性先熟,即雄成虫羽化时间较雌成虫早5.0d。增温放牧处理下,草原毛虫的生长速率提高9%、雌蛹增重26%。可见,未来持续增温的高寒草甸牧场,门源草原毛虫适合度升高,对当地草场和家畜的威胁加大,需加强害虫的监控和防治力度。
[Abstract]:Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the sensitive regions of global warming. As one of the main pests of alpine meadow in the northeast of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Menyuan grassland caterpillar caused shortage of forage and even death of livestock. Therefore, the performance of Mengyuan grassland caterpillar is very important to the safety of local animal husbandry under the condition of continuous warming in the future. The effects of increasing temperature (1.2 鈩,
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