不同年龄肥育驴肉的营养成分分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 19:04

本文选题：营养成分 + 驴肉　；参考：《草食家畜》2016年04期

【摘要】：对断奶、1.5岁、成年不同年龄驴分7组采用不同营养水平饲喂63~113 d,各组将接近平均体重的3头屠宰,取股二头肌、眼肌和臂三头肌肉样进行营养成分测定,结果表明。驴肉与其它肉类相比为高蛋白、低脂肪、低热能肉品,蛋白质质量优异,全价性好;断奶、1.5岁、成年退役驴肉中各成分平均值(%)为干物质(25.28±2.67),粗蛋白(21.19±2.06),粗脂肪(2.38±2.18),粗灰分(1.10±0.12),热能(1.441±0.129)kcal/g;随年龄增加,驴肉中干物质、脂肪、能量上升,粗蛋白、灰分下降。驴肉氨基酸总量平均为20.08 g/100 g,含量比《食品成分表》所列(15.99~19.57 g/100 g)要高;其中精氨酸、酪氨酸、组氨酸与猪肉、马肉相比差异达极显著水平(P0.01);限制性赖氨酸与猪肉、羊肉、牛肉相比差异也达极显著水平(P0.01);鲜味氨基酸中的天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸试驴驴肉与猪肉、羊肉、马肉相比差异也达极显著水平(P0.01);衡量肉品蛋白质质量的色氨酸驴肉(0.662 g/100 g)远高于其它家畜肉中含量。1.5岁试驴驴肉不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸含量(%)平均为(61.09±0.71),必需脂肪酸(亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生四烯酸)含量(%)平均为(21.25±3.73);两者与猪肉、牛肉相比差异达极显著水平(P0.01),后者与羊肉相比差异也达显著水平(P0.05);试验数据同时表明,不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸含量1.5岁试驴驴肉股二头肌均高于臂三头肌和眼肌。1.5岁试驴眼肌肉中胆固醇含量较低为79.20 mg/100 g,比猪肉、羊肉、牛肉含量低;不同部位脂肪中胆固醇含量不一。1.5岁试驴眼肌肉中维生素含量与其它家畜肉相近,而微量元素则较多。
[Abstract]:The donkeys of 1.5 years old and adult were divided into 7 groups and fed with different nutrition level for 63 ~ 113 days. The meat samples of biceps femoris muscle, eye muscle and triceps arm muscle were slaughtered in each group, and the results showed that the meat samples of biceps femoris muscle, ophthalmic muscle and triceps arm muscle were measured. Compared with other meat, donkey meat is high protein, low fat, low energy meat, excellent protein quality and good full price. The average components of adult retired donkey meat were dry matter (25.28 卤2.67), crude protein (21.19 卤2.06), crude fat (2.38 卤2.18), crude ash (1.10 卤0.12), caloric energy (1.441 卤0.129 kcal / g); dry matter, fat, energy, crude protein and ash in donkey meat increased with age. The total amino acid content of donkey meat was 20.08 g / 100 g on average, which was higher than that of 15.99% 19.57 g / 100 g in the Food composition Table, in which arginine, tyrosine, histidine were significantly different from pork and horse meat (P 0.01), restricted lysine and pork, lamb, The difference in beef was also significant (P 0.01). Aspartate and glutamic acid in the fresh amino acids were used to test donkey meat, pork and mutton. The difference between horse meat and horse meat was also significant (P 0.01), and the content of tryptophan protein in donkey meat (0.662 g / 100 g) was much higher than that in other domestic animals. The content of unsaturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids in donkey meat of 1.5 years old was 61.09 卤0.71% on average. Fatty acid (linoleic acid) The average content of linolenic acid (arachidonic acid) was 21.25 卤3.73m, the difference between the two groups was extremely significant compared with pork and beef, and the difference between the latter and mutton was also significant. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids in donkey's biceps femoris were higher than those in triceps arm muscle and eye muscle. The content of cholesterol was 79.20 mg/100 / g, which was lower than that of pork, mutton and beef. Cholesterol content in different parts of fat. Vitamin contents in the eye muscles of donkey eyes of 1.5 years old were similar to those of other domestic animals, while trace elements were more than those of other domestic animals.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学动物科技学院;
【基金】：环保部项目《重点动物调查编目》(K308020013)
【分类号】：S822

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