基于ZigBee-ARM-Linux的畜牧养殖场环境监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-06-13 20:23

本文选题：环境监测 + ZigBee　；参考：《甘肃农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着农业结构调整和相关国家政策的扶持,农林牧渔发展迅速,特别是畜牧养殖业占到整体产值的1/3,根据国家统计局的数据显示,畜牧业每年都维持在平均值30%左右,在增加了养殖户的经济收入的同时,也促进了国家经济的流通,增加了GDP。虽然规模化养殖已经逐渐替代传统粗放型养殖方式,但是这种趋势依然改变不了养殖过程中的粗放管理方式,通风、排污、取暖等设施不完备,甚至没有,导致牲畜生长环境恶劣,容易引起动物疾病、死亡,畜牧产品质量不过关等问题。本文根据畜牧养殖场舍间布局特点,利用传感器技术、ZigBee技术、Linux技术等相关先进的物联网嵌入式技术,设计了一种针对畜牧养殖场的环境信息远程监测系统。主要完成任务如下:1)在通过分析国内外关于环境监测设计资料和国内畜牧养殖场管理模式的基础上,提出了畜牧养殖场环境信息实时监测的设计方案。方案内容拟定采用ZigBee技术搭建ZigBee无线传感网络采集现场环境数据通过ARM中心平台进行处理,再通过GPRS模块发送数据包到远程监测中心。2)在系统低成本设计的要求下,对系统各模块进行具体选型。选用DHT11作为温湿度信息采集模块;选用CC2530芯片作为ZigBee无线传感网络组织模块,搭建无线网络,负责传输环境数据到协调器;选用ARM11作为嵌入式硬件开发平台,负责处理环境数据的接收、显示、存储和转发等相关操作;选用GPRS DTU作为远程信息传输方式,负责发送数据到远程监测中心。3)编写ZigBee协议栈应用层用户程序,主要实现功能为:自动组织ZigBee网络,采集环境数据,发送环境数据。编写嵌入式平台运行程序:嵌入式系统搭建包括Bootloader、Linux内核、Linux文件系统的构建和移植,在Qt环境下GUI的运行程序,GPRS DTU发送程序等。4)采用MFC类设计远程监测中心监测界面及其功能实现。主要任务可以使得监测中心能通过套接字技术与GPRS DTU进行数据交流,接收ARM11平台经由GPRS和Internet网络传输过来的环境数据,实现对现场畜牧养殖场环境的远程监测。整个监测系统在设计完成后,经过调试和组装,放在现场环境进行了稳定性和丢包率的测试。其中ZigBee端丢包率平均为0.13%,GPRS端丢包率平均为0.0%,测试结果表明,系统性能稳定,工作状态良好,可以正常采集畜牧养殖场环境信息数据,能实现动态显示、实时存储、定时转发等功能,满足低成本下对畜牧养殖场环境信息监测的需求。
[Abstract]:With the readjustment of the agricultural structure and the support of relevant state policies, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery have developed rapidly, especially the livestock farming industry, which accounts for a third of the total output value. According to the data from the National Bureau of Statistics, animal husbandry is maintained at an average of about 30 percent annually. In addition to increasing farmers' economic income, it also promotes the circulation of the national economy and increases the GDPs. Although large-scale aquaculture has gradually replaced the traditional extensive farming methods, this trend still does not change the extensive management in the breeding process, ventilation, sewage, heating and other facilities are not complete, or even do not have. It is easy to cause animal disease, death, poor quality of livestock products and so on. According to the layout characteristics of livestock farms, a remote monitoring system of environmental information for livestock farms is designed by using the sensor technology, such as ZigBee technology, Linux technology and other advanced embedded technology of the Internet of things. The main tasks are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of the environmental monitoring design data at home and abroad and the management mode of domestic livestock farms, the design scheme of real-time monitoring of environmental information of livestock farms is put forward. ZigBee technology is used to set up ZigBee wireless sensor network to collect field environmental data through arm central platform, and then send data packet to remote monitoring center through GPRS module under the requirement of low cost design of the system. The specific selection of each module of the system is carried out. Choose DHT11 as temperature and humidity information collection module, CC2530 chip as ZigBee wireless sensor network organization module, build wireless network, responsible for transmitting environmental data to the coordinator; select ARM11 as embedded hardware development platform, select CC2530 chip as ZigBee wireless sensor network organization module, select ARM11 as embedded hardware development platform, Take charge of receiving, displaying, storing and forwarding environmental data, select GPRS DTU as remote information transmission mode, send data to remote monitoring center. 3) compile application layer user program of ZigBee protocol stack. The main functions are: organizing ZigBee network automatically, collecting environment data and sending environment data. Write the running program of the embedded platform: the embedded system construction includes the construction and transplantation of the Linux file system, the Linux kernel of Bootloadern. In QT environment, the running program of GUI, GPRS DTU sending program, etc. 4) is designed by MFC class to realize the monitoring interface of remote monitoring center and its function. The main task can make the monitoring center exchange data with GPRS DTU through socket technology, receive the environmental data transmitted by ARM11 platform via GPRS and Internet network, and realize the remote monitoring of the environment of the field livestock farm. After the design of the whole monitoring system is completed, the stability and packet loss rate are tested in the field environment after debugging and assembling. The average packet loss rate of ZigBee end is 0.13. The average packet loss rate of GPRS terminal is 0.00.The test results show that the system has stable performance and good working condition. It can collect environmental information data of livestock farm normally and realize dynamic display and real-time storage. The function of timing forwarding can meet the need of environmental information monitoring of livestock farms at low cost.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP274;S818.9

【共引文献】