杜民杂交猪基因杂合度与繁殖性状关系的研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 17:26

本文选题：杜民杂交猪 + 微卫星标记　；参考：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究采用世界粮农组织和国际动物遗传学会联合推荐的25个微卫星标记,对不同世代杜民猪进行了基因杂合度的遗传学检测,同时测定了产仔数、产活仔数、21日龄活仔数、初生重、初生窝重、21日龄重、21日龄窝重、35日龄重、35日龄窝重、哺乳期日增重及育成率等经济性状,并检测了试验猪的血清、乳清Ig G含量。通过对基因杂合度的世代变化及其与繁殖性状的相关分析,获得如下研究结果:(1)微卫星标记在杜民杂交猪DM、DM1、DM2、DM3中均表现出多态性,25个标记座位上检测到的等位基因数在2~8之间,SW24座位上的等位基因最多,SW1828、S0227、S0143座位上的等位基因最少。四个世代中检测到的等位基因总数分别为114、106、105、87个,平均有效等位基因数分别为3.2927、3.0405、3.2924、2.6513。试验猪中检测到的等位基因频率范围为0.0238~0.9359,多数等位基因频率大于0.05。(2)四个世代的群体平均基因杂合度逐世代降低,分别为0.6703、0.6425、0.6238、0.5924,DM平均基因杂合度显著高于DM3(P0.05);检测群体的多态信息含量(PIC)范围为0.2205~0.9394,仅有5个标记的PIC小于0.5,而四个群体的平均多态信息含量均大于0.5,呈现高度多态。(3)DM各繁殖性状值高于DM1,并显著高于DM2(P0.05)。DM的哺乳期日增重和血清Ig G水平高于其它世代;DM1的初生重、初生窝重、21日龄重、21日龄窝重、21日龄活仔数、35日龄窝重显著高于DM2(P0.05);DM、DM1、DM2的仔猪育成率和乳清Ig G含量在各世代间无显著差异。(4)将个体基因杂合度以0.1为步长分为5个等级,DM个体基因杂合度主要分布于水平3~5,水平5的个体数最多;DM1与DM2个体基因杂合度均主要分布于水平2~4,水平3的个体数最多,但DM1处于水平4的个体多于DM2;DM3个体基因杂合度主要分布于水平1~3,水平3的个体数最多。(5)产仔数、产活仔数、21日龄活仔数均随基因杂合度的增高而增大;基因杂合度与产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重、21日龄活仔数、哺乳期日增重之间显著正相关(P0.05),而与初生重、21日龄重、21日龄窝重、35日龄重、35日龄窝重、育成率及血清Ig G含量相关不显著。
[Abstract]:In this study, 25 microsatellite markers recommended by the World Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Society for Animal Genetics were used to detect genetic heterozygosity of different generations of Du Min pigs. Birth weight, litter weight at 21 days old, litter weight at 35 days old and litter weight at 35 days old, daily gain during lactation and breeding rate, and so on. The serum and IGG content of whey were measured. By analyzing the generation variation of heterozygosity and its correlation with reproductive traits, The results were as follows: (1) the microsatellite markers showed polymorphism in Du Min crossbred pig DM1, DM2DM2DM3. The number of alleles detected in 25 marker loci ranged from 2 to 8. The highest number of alleles detected on SW24 loci were SW1828 and S0227S0143. The total number of alleles detected in the four generations were 114106n105,87, and the average effective alleles were 3.29273.04053.2924n2.6513. The frequency range of alleles detected in the tested pigs was 0.0238U 0.9359, and the average heterozygosity of the four generations of the population was decreased from generation to generation, and the frequency of most alleles was greater than 0.05.2in the four generations. The average heterozygosity of DM was significantly higher than that of DM3P 0.05N, and the range of polymorphic information content was 0.22050.9394.The PIC of only 5 markers was less than 0.5, while the average polymorphism information content of the four populations was higher than 0.5, showing high polymorphism. The value of colonization traits was higher than that of DM1, and significantly higher than that of DM _ 2P _ (0.05N) 路DM during lactation period, and the level of serum IgG was higher than that of other generations. Litter weight at 21 days old / 21 days old litter weight at 21 days old / 35 days old litter weight was significantly higher than that in the piglets with DM2P0.05 / DM1 / DM2. There was no significant difference in the percentage of reproductive capacity and the content of IGG in whey between generations. 4) the heterozygosity of individual genes was divided into 5 groups with a step of 0.1. The heterozygosity of DM individuals was mainly distributed at level 3 and 5, and the highest number of individuals in level 5 was found in both DM1 and DM2 individuals. The heterozygosity of individuals in level 3 was the highest in level 2. However, the heterozygosity of DM1 at level 4 was higher than that of DM2DM3, and the heterozygosity of individuals in level 3 was the highest at level 1, and the number of live litter at level 3 increased with the increase of heterozygosity, and the heterozygosity of gene and litter size increased with the increase of heterozygosity. There was a significant positive correlation between litter size, litter weight and daily gain during lactation, but there was no significant correlation between litter size and litter weight at 21 day old, litter weight at 35 day old and serum IgG content.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828

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