日粮铜水平对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率及组织铜沉积的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 02:25

本文选题：硫酸铜 + 育肥猪　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：日粮铜进入动物体内,会在各个组织器官中分布和积累,过量的铜对动物组织器官有损伤作用,然而,食入这些动物产品是否会对人身体健康造成负面影响尚未可知,因此,本文在测得了猪生产性能、饲料养分消化率和铜代谢的同时,对铜的暴露量进行了风险评估,以期为生态环境、肉食品安全问题和猪的安全养殖和生产加工提供理论支持。本文的主要研究方法:选用体重(30±1.05)kg健康杜×长×大三元杂交育肥猪24头,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理3个重复,每个重复2头猪。试验处理分别在日粮中添加:10mg/kg(对照组)、45mg/kg(1组)、135mg/kg(2组)和225mg/kg(3组)的铜含量,添加后测定饲料中铜的实际含量分别为19.09mg/kg(对照组),53.60mg/kg(1组),154.00mg/kg(2组),250mg/kg(3组),试验全期总共为87d,试验按体重大约划分为前后两个阶段:前期为30~60kg,后期为60~100 kg,采集猪粪测得猪粪铜含量并且记录每周猪采食量、日增重,持续喂养80d后,进行屠宰,取各组织器官测定铜含量。1.日粮铜水平对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率及铜代谢的影响试验全期,与对照组相比,试验3组显著降低了育肥猪的末重、升高ADFI的同时并显著升高了F/G(P0.05),试验1组和2组显著降低了育肥猪的末重和ADG并升高了F/G(P0.05)。与对照组相比,对照组、试验1组和2组的ADFI分别升高了6.44%、8.19%和13.30%,ADG分别降低了7.89%、7.89%和3.79%,而F/G分别提高了8.80%、15.49%和17.96%。19.09mg/kg(对照组)与其它3组相比较显著降低了饲料粗蛋白与粗脂肪消化率(P0.05),各试验组与对照组在NDF消化率上均差异显著(P㩳0.05);ADF消化率上各试验组与对照组之间差异显著(P㩳0.05),但各试验组之间无显著性差异(P0.05),与对照组相比,试验1组、2组和3组的粗蛋白分别提高了1.68%、2.83%和5.76%;粗脂肪分别升高了45.85%、121.37%、131.49%;ADF分别降低了2.44%、6.13%和7.80%;NDF分别降低了3.78%、3.78%和6.90%。19.09mg/kg(对照组)显著降低了育肥猪吸收铜与沉积铜含量(P0.05),而53.60mg/kg(1组)和154.00mg/kg(2组)无显著差异(P0.05);且日粮各组间铜水平对猪的铜表观消化率、铜沉积率和总铜排放率影响差异显著(P0.05)。与对照组相比,试验1组、2组和3组的铜的表观消化率分别升高了1.65%、2.58%和5.78%;铜沉积率分别升高了14.22%、20.78%和25.78%;总铜排放率分别升高了14.46%、18.45%和43.08%。2.日粮铜水平对组织器官铜沉积的影响饲喂80d后进行屠宰取样,取大小脑、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、肺、胃、肌肉组织、骨骼、血清和猪毛等,测定其中的铜含量,结果如下:(1)随着饲料中铜含量的增加,其大脑、肝脏、肾脏和血清富集程度较高,其次是胫骨、肋骨和骨质,最后是肌肉组织。(2)股骨骨质、肋骨和胫骨、肝脏、肾脏和猪血等组织器官是猪体内富集铜的主要器官(3)肝、肾脏及骨骼组织中铜含量随饲料中铜含量的增加而增加,即饲料中铜的含量为10mg/kg时,这些组织器官内的铜含量(0.054 mg/kg~49.600 mg/kg)依然有可能超标(骨中铜无明确标准规定)。(4)心、肺、胃、胰脏、脾脏和淋巴结中的铜含量与饲料中铜含量差异不显著,饲料中铜含量为225mg/kg时,这些组织器官中铜的含量仍低于国家限量标准10mg/kg。
[Abstract]:Dietary copper enters the animal body and accumulates in various tissues and organs. Excessive copper can damage animal tissues and organs. However, it is not known whether eating these animals will have negative effects on human health. Therefore, this paper has measured the production performance, nutrient digestibility of feed and copper metabolism. The risk assessment was carried out to provide theoretical support for the ecological environment, the safety of meat and food and the safe breeding and processing of pigs. The main research method of this paper was to choose 24 heads of pigs with weight (30 + 1.05) kg health Du x long x large three yuan hybrid breeding pigs and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, each treated with 3 repetitions, and each duplication of 2 pigs. The test treatment added copper content of 10mg/kg (control group), 45mg/kg (1 group), 135mg/kg (2 group) and 225mg/kg (3 group). The actual content of copper in the feed was 19.09mg/kg (control group), 53.60mg/kg (group 1), 154.00mg/kg (2 group), 250mg/kg (3 group), the whole period was 87d, and the test was divided into about before and after weight. The two stages were 30~60kg and later 60~100 kg. The copper content of pig manure was measured and the pig feces was measured and the weekly feed intake was recorded, the daily weight was increased. After continuous feeding of 80D, the pig manure was slaughtered, and the effects of copper content of.1. on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and copper metabolism of the pig were measured in all tissues and organs, compared with the control group. The 3 groups significantly reduced the end weight of the fattening pigs, increased the ADFI and increased the F/G (P0.05) significantly. The test 1 and 2 groups significantly reduced the end weight and ADG of the fattening pigs and increased the F/G (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the ADFI in the 1 and 2 groups increased by 6.44%, 8.19% and 13.30% respectively, and the ADG decreased by 7.89%, 7.89% and 3.79% respectively. And F/G increased 8.80%, 15.49% and 17.96%.19.09mg/kg (control group) significantly lower the digestibility of crude protein and crude fat (P0.05) compared with the other 3 groups. The digestibility of each test group and the control group was significantly different (P? 0.05), and the difference between the experimental groups and the control groups was significant (P? 0.05), but between the experimental groups, but between the experimental groups. There was no significant difference (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the crude protein of the 1 groups, the 2 groups and the 3 groups increased by 1.68%, 2.83% and 5.76%, the crude fat increased by 45.85%, 121.37%, 131.49%, and the ADF decreased 2.44%, 6.13% and 7.80% respectively; NDF reduced 3.78%, 3.78% and 6.90%.19.09mg/kg (control group) significantly reduced the absorption of copper and sink in the fattening pigs. Copper content (P0.05), while 53.60mg/kg (1 groups) and 154.00mg/kg (2 groups) had no significant difference (P0.05), and the copper deposition rate, copper deposition rate and total copper emission rate of pigs were significantly different (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the apparent digestibility of copper in the 1 groups, 2 groups and 3 groups increased by 1.65%, 2.58% and 5.78%, copper precipitation, respectively. The accumulations were increased by 14.22%, 20.78% and 25.78%, respectively, and the total copper emission rates were increased by 14.46%, 18.45% and 43.08%.2., respectively, and the effects of dietary copper on copper deposition in tissues and organs were fed by 80D for slaughtering sampling and taking large cerebellum, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, lung, stomach, muscle tissue, bone, serum and pig hair. As follows: (1) with the increase of copper content in the feed, the concentration of the brain, liver, kidney and serum is higher, followed by the tibia, ribs and bone, and finally the muscle tissue. (2) the bone, the ribs and tibia, the liver, kidney and pig blood are the main organs (3) of the copper in the pig's body (3), and the copper content in the kidney and bone tissue The increase of copper content in the feed, that is, when the content of copper in the feed is 10mg/kg, the copper content in these tissues and organs (0.054 mg/kg~49.600 mg/kg) still may exceed the standard. (4) the copper content in the heart, lung, stomach, pancreas, spleen and lymph nodes is not significantly different from the copper content in the feed, and the copper content in the feed is not significant. For 225mg/kg, the copper content in these tissues and organs is still lower than the national limit standard 10mg/kg..
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828.5

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