树舌发酵浸膏对肉鸡主要生产性能及免疫指标的影响

发布时间：2018-06-18 05:16

本文选题：树舌发酵浸膏 + 肉鸡　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究树舌发酵浸膏(Fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum(Pers.)Pat,GAC)对肉鸡主要生产性能及免疫指标的影响。试验将225只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡随机分为5个处理组,每个处理3个重复,每个重复15只。5个处理分别为空白组(基础日粮)、抗生素组(基础日粮+5mg/kg黄霉素)和基础日粮中分别添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%多糖含量的GAC组,试验期42天。通过观察肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数及形态、外周血淋巴细胞增殖情况、细胞因子及免疫球蛋白含量、新城疫(Newcastle Disease,ND)抗体效价及相关因子表达情况,评价GAC对肉鸡免疫功能的影响。一、GAC对肉鸡生产性能的影响从肉鸡生长0-42日龄,各剂量组肉鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量均显著高于空白组和抗生素组(P0.05);各剂量组均能降低肉鸡料肉比且提高肉鸡成活率。结果表明:基础日粮中添加GAC能够提高肉鸡生产性能。二、GAC对肉鸡免疫器官的影响于试验的第21、42日龄,从每个试验组的3组重复中分别选取5只肉鸡进行屠宰,取胸腺、脾脏及法氏囊分别进行称重,石蜡切片法观察其组织形态。研究发现:各剂量组肉鸡胸腺、脾脏指数均显著高于空白组和抗生素组(P0.05),且各剂量组均能提高肉鸡法氏囊指数;但对各器官组织形态无明显影响。结果表明:基础日粮中添加GAC能够提高肉鸡免疫器官指数,且对其正常组织形态无影响。三、GAC对肉鸡外周血淋巴细胞增殖的影响于试验第14、21、28、35和42日龄,采用MTT方法测定肉鸡外周血T、B淋巴细胞增殖情况。研究发现:0.05%GAC剂量组和0.1%GAC剂量组分别显著提高了肉鸡外周血中T、B淋巴细胞增殖(P0.05)。结果表明,基础日粮中添加GAC能够促进肉鸡淋巴细胞增殖。四、GAC对肉鸡血清细胞因子、免疫球蛋白含量的影响于试验第14、21、28、35和42日龄,采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定肉鸡血清中细胞因子IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γ及IgM、IgG和IgA的含量。研究发现:0.05%GAC剂量组肉鸡血清中细胞因子含量显著高于空白组和抗生素组(P0.05);0.1%GAC剂量组肉鸡血清中免疫球蛋白含量显著高于空白组和抗生素组(P0.05)。结果表明:基础日粮中添加GAC能够提高肉鸡血清中细胞因子及免疫球蛋白含量。五、GAC对肉鸡新城疫抗体效价的影响于试验第7、14、21、28、35和42日龄,采用血凝抑制实验(HI)测定肉鸡新城疫抗体效价(ND-HI)。结果表明,日粮中添加GAC能够影响肉鸡新城疫抗体效价水平。六、GAC对肉鸡相关细胞因子表达情况的影响与试验第21和42日龄,从每个试验组的3组重复中分别选取5只肉鸡进行屠宰取脾脏,采用相对荧光定量PCR法测定肉鸡脾脏中IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γmRNA表达情况。研究发现:0.05%GAC剂量组肉鸡脾脏中3中细胞因子表达量显著高于空白组和抗生素组(P0.05)。结果表明,基础日粮中添加GAC能够促进肉鸡脾脏中IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γmRNA的表达情况。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum.Pers.PatanatumPers.PatgaCon on the main performance and immune index of broilers. 225 1-day-old Aiba Yijia AAA broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups with 3 repeats in each treatment. Five treatments were divided into blank group (basal diet), antibiotic group (basal diet 5mg/kg flavin) and basal diet supplemented with 0.05g 0.1% polysaccharide for 42 days. The production performance, immune organ index and morphology, lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine and immunoglobulin content, the titer of Newcastle Disease (NDV) antibody and the expression of related factors in broiler chickens were observed. To evaluate the effect of GAC on immune function of broilers. The effect of GAC on the performance of broilers from 0 to 42 days of age, the average daily gain of broilers in each dose group was significantly higher than that in control group and antibiotic group, and the feed / meat ratio and survival rate of broiler were increased in each dose group. The results showed that adding GAC to the basal diet could improve the performance of broilers. The effect of GAC on immune organs of broilers at 21 ~ 42 days of age. Five broilers were slaughtered from three replicates of each trial group, thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were weighed, and their histological morphology was observed by paraffin section. The results showed that the thymus and spleen index of broilers in each dose group was significantly higher than that in control group and antibiotic group, and the index of bursa was increased in each dose group, but there was no significant effect on the morphology of organs and tissues. The results showed that the addition of GAC to the basal diet could increase the immune organ index of broilers and had no effect on the normal tissue morphology of broilers. The effect of GAC on the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in broilers was observed at the age of 14 ~ 21 ~ 2835 and 42 days. The proliferation of T _ (B) B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of broilers was measured by MTT method. The results showed that the GAC and 0.1 GAC groups significantly increased the proliferation of T B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of broilers. The results showed that the addition of GAC to basal diet could promote lymphocyte proliferation in broilers. The effect of GAC on the levels of cytokines and immunoglobulin in serum of broilers was determined by Elisa. The levels of cytokines IL-2IL-4, IFN- 纬, IgG and IgA in serum of broilers were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). The results showed that the content of cytokines in serum of broiler chickens at the dose of 0. 05 GAC was significantly higher than that of the control and antibiotic groups (P 0. 05 and P 0. 05). The content of immunoglobulin in the serum of broilers in the dose of 0. 05 GAC was significantly higher than that in the control and antibiotic groups. The results showed that the addition of GAC to basal diet could increase the content of cytokines and immunoglobulin in serum of broilers. The effect of GAC on Newcastle disease antibody titer in broiler chickens at the age of 714 ~ (21) ~ 2835 and 42 ~ (th) days, a hemagglutination inhibition test (HIH) was used to determine the titer of Newcastle disease antibody (ND-HIX) in broilers. The results showed that the level of Newcastle disease antibody titer could be affected by adding GAC to the diet. The effect of GAC on the expression of related cytokines in broilers and at the 21st and 42nd days of the experiment, five broilers were selected from each of the three groups to be slaughtered to get the spleen. The expression of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN- 纬 mRNA in the spleen of broilers was detected by relative fluorescence quantitative PCR. It was found that the expression of cytokines in the spleen of broilers treated with 10% GAC was significantly higher than that of control group and antibiotic group (P 0.05). The results showed that GAC could promote the expression of IL-2 IL-4 and IFN- 纬 mRNA in spleen of broilers.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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