大理石花纹肉相关分子标记在中国黄牛中的分布研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:25

本文选题：黄牛 + 大理石花纹肉　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的高速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高及市场变化的需求,使中国本土黄牛的选育经历了一系列的历史性的变化。基因编辑育种技术结合分子标记辅助育种技术等方法可以加快培育出能够满足人类需要的家畜新品系或新品种,是黄牛品种改良的必由之路。大理石花纹肉是日本黑毛和牛最重要和最知名的经济性状,以其独特的雪花花纹和风味口感而闻名于世。本研究对调控日本黑毛和牛大理石花纹肉形成的功能基因RPL27A和EDG1上的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点g.3109537CT (RPL27A)和g.1471620GT (EDG1)在蒙古国蒙古牛群体、内蒙古蒙古牛群体、鲁西黄牛、湘西黄牛和广西黄牛群体中的遗传多样性进行了调查分析,并与日本黑毛和牛、日本褐毛和牛、日本短角和牛、荷尔斯坦牛和瑞士褐牛群体进行优势等位基因频率的比较。结果显示,在我国黄牛品种在大理石花纹肉形成相关优势等位基因频率的分布状况是有由北向南逐步减小的趋势,并且优势等位基因在蒙古牛群体中的分布频率明显高于中国其他黄牛群体。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standard and the demand of market change, the breeding of Chinese native cattle has undergone a series of historical changes. Gene editing and molecular marker-assisted breeding techniques can accelerate the breeding of new strains or varieties of livestock that can meet the needs of human beings, which is the only way to improve cattle breeds. Marbling meat is one of the most important and famous economic traits of Japanese black hair and cattle. It is famous for its unique snowflake pattern and flavor. The aim of this study was to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of RPL27A and EDG1 in the functional genes RPL27A and EDG1 of Japanese black hair and bovine marbling meat. The SNPs (g.3109537CT / RPL27A) and g.1471620GT / EDG1) were detected in Mongolian cattle, Inner Mongolia cattle and Luxi cattle. The genetic diversity of Xiangxi cattle and Guangxi cattle population was investigated and compared with that of Japanese black hair cattle, Japanese brown hair and cattle, Japanese short-horned cattle, Holstein cattle and Swiss brown cattle population. The results showed that the distribution of dominant alleles in marbling meat was decreasing gradually from north to south in Chinese cattle breeds. The distribution frequency of dominant alleles in Mongolian cattle population was significantly higher than that in other Chinese cattle populations.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S823.81

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