华东地区地方鸡品种mtDNA控制区遗传多样性

发布时间：2018-06-20 15:57

本文选题：系统发育 + 红色原鸡　；参考：《生物多样性》2017年05期

【摘要】：为了探明我国华东地区地方鸡品种的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构,追溯其母系起源和进化过程,利用PCR技术扩增了11个地方鸡品种的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区(D-loop)序列,并结合NCBI数据库中已发表的红色原鸡(Gallus gallus)D-loop区全序列,分析了它们的遗传多样性与亲缘关系,构建了11个品种与红色原鸡系统发生邻接树。结果表明:11个地方品种mtDNA D-loop区全长为1,231或1,232 bp,其中1,231 bp的序列有196条,1,232 bp的序列有123条,经过比对发现,两者在859 bp处存在单碱基缺失。11个地方品种319个个体共计检测到变异位点37个,总体单倍型多样度核苷酸多样度和平均核苷酸差异分别为0.901±0.009、0.00573±0.000001和6.833。按照鸡mtDNA单倍型分类通用标准,共包含35种单倍型,可以分为A、B、C和E共4个分支(单倍型群),分别包括11、10、9和5个单倍型。中介网络图中11个鸡品种也很明显地分成了4个支系,分别含有100、118、47和54条序列。系统发育树分为4个大枝,海南亚种(G.gallus jabouillei)自成一枝;C单倍型群与4个亚种的红色原鸡聚为一枝;E单倍型群与2个亚种红色原鸡聚为一枝;A和B单倍型群只与滇南亚种(G.gallus spadiceus)聚为一枝。11个品种中,除了狼山和丝羽乌骨鸡2个标准化品种外,都有很高的遗传多样性,可开发选择潜力很大。没有发现线粒体品种特异性DNA序列。华东地区地方品种至少有4个母系起源,部分品种可能受到了欧美高产品系的渗入。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of local chicken breeds in East China, and to trace the origin and evolution of their maternal lines, the D-looped sequence of mitochondrial DNA mtDNA (mtDNA) control region of 11 local chicken breeds was amplified by PCR. The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Gallus gallusus D-loop region published in NCBI database were analyzed, and 11 species and red primordial chicken phylogenetic trees were constructed. The results showed that the total length of mtDNA D-loop region was 1231 or 1232 BP in 11 local breeds, among which there were 196 sequences of 1231 BP and 123 sequences of 1232 BP. A total of 37 mutation sites were detected in 319 individuals of 11 local breeds. The total haplotype diversity and average nucleotide diversity were 0.901 卤0.009, 0.00573 卤0.000001 and 6.833, respectively. According to the general criteria for the classification of chicken mtDNA haplotypes, there are 35 haplotypes, which can be divided into four branches (haplotype C and E) (haplotypes, including 11109 and 5 haplotypes, respectively). The 11 chicken breeds in the intermediary network were also clearly divided into 4 branches, containing 100 ~ 11847 and 54 sequences, respectively. Phylogenetic trees are divided into 4 branches. G. gallus jabouillei, a Hainan subspecies, formed a C haplotype group and four red primordial chickens into a single E haplotype group and two subspecies red primordial chickens into a single haplotype A and B haplotypes, which were only one branch with G. gallus spadiceus, a subspecies of southern Yunnan. In addition to Langshan and silky chicken, they all have high genetic diversity and great potential for development and selection. No mitochondrial varietal specific DNA sequence was found. There are at least 4 matrilineal origins of native varieties in East China, some of which may have been infiltrated by high yield lines in Europe and America.
【作者单位】：江苏省家禽科学研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31372277、31501917和31672382)
【分类号】：S831

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