泰山松花粉多糖和蜂胶对ALV和REV诱导的免疫抑制鸡的免疫调理作用

发布时间：2018-06-20 23:17

本文选题：禽白血病病毒 + 禽网状内皮组织增生病病毒　；参考：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：家禽中存在多种病毒性免疫抑制病,这类疾病不仅能够引起机体原发感染导致死亡,还能侵害家禽的免疫系统,致使机体免疫功能下降,甚至造成疫苗免疫失败。此外,这类疾病易引发其他病毒性和细菌性病原继发感染,因此很难对这些潜伏感染的病原进行确诊。这些免疫抑制性病毒在鸡群中常常呈现多种传染性因子和非传染性因子并存的局面,在生产过程中难以控制和根除。J亚群白血病病毒(Avian leukosis virus subgroup J,ALV-J)和禽网状内皮组织增生病病毒(Retieuloendotheliosis virus,REV)同属反转录病毒,两者均能引起禽类不同程度的免疫抑制疾病,是鸡群免疫抑制性病毒的典型代表。养禽业中普遍存在ALV-J和REV混合感染的现象,尤其是近几年,二者共感染现象越发常见。然而,目前尚缺乏安全有效的疫苗对这两种病原进行预防,加之这两种病原诱导产生抗体的水平较低,甚至不诱导抗体,从而造成防控和检测存在困难和疏漏。为了寻找控制ALV-J和REV感染和传播的新方法,本研究用SPF雏鸡建立感染REV和ALV-J的免疫抑制模型,研究两者共感染引发的免疫抑制协同作用;然后选择泰山松花粉多糖(Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide,TPPPS)和蜂胶(Propolis,PP)研究二者对免疫抑制鸡的免疫调理作用,以期为合理有效地防控病毒性免疫抑制疾病提供新的思路。首先建立SPF雏鸡感染ALV-J和REV的免疫抑制模型。将120只健康1日龄SPF雏鸡,随机分成4个组(I-IV),每组30只。I-III组的雏鸡分别腹腔注射REV,ALV-J,REV和ALV-J(1:1混合),建立单独感染及共感染模型;IV组注射等量生理盐水设为健康对照组。于感染后的7、14、21、28、35、42和56 d,每组随机抽取3只,检测相关免疫指标。结果显示病毒单独感染和混合感染均可引起鸡生长发育不良,中枢免疫器官萎缩,免疫器官指数下降,淋巴细胞转化率和CD4+、CD8+T细胞数下降,同时鸡白细胞介素(IL-2)和干扰素(IFN-γ)的分泌量减少,并且在病毒共感染时免疫抑制程度最明显。结果表明ALV-J、REV均能引起鸡的免疫抑制疾病的发生,并且ALV-J与REV之间的确存在一定的协同作用,严重抑制机体免疫器官发育和免疫功能,加重机体的免疫抑制性疾病。然后利用TPPPS和PP对共感染ALV-J和REV的雏鸡进行免疫调理作用。选取健康1日龄SPF雏鸡150只随机分为5个组(I-V),每组30只。I-IV组为雏鸡共感染REV和ALV-J组,在相同条件下饲养,I、II组分别皮下注射TPPPS(50 mg/ml)、PP(50 mg/ml)0.2 ml;III组同时注射TPPPS(50 mg/ml)0.1ml和PP(50 mg/ml)0.1 ml;IV组注射相同含量的生理盐水作为对照;V组设为健康对照组,在9日龄时,每组免疫新城疫疫苗,于感染后7、14、21、28、35、42、56 d,每组随机抽取3羽,检测相关免疫指标。试验结果显示TPPPS和PP均能不同程度的调节感染后免疫抑制鸡免疫系统的生长发育,相比未使用免疫调节剂的免疫抑制组,TPPPS和PP均能有效提高免疫器官指数,淋巴细胞转化和细胞因子分泌,改善对特定疫苗免疫失败的状况,降低免疫器官内载毒量。其中TPPPS组免疫增强作用显著高于PP组,TPPPS和PP联合作用(TPPPS-PP)组免疫增强效果显著高于TPPPS或PP单独使用组。结果表明TPPPS和PP是有效的免疫增强剂,可改善免疫抑制鸡的免疫功能,并且TPPPS和PP之间存在协同作用,增强免疫机能的作用优于TPPPS或PP单一使用组。
[Abstract]:There are many viral immunosuppressive diseases in poultry, this kind of disease can not only induce primary infection leads to death, but also against the immune system of poultry, resulting in decreased immune function, and even cause vaccine failure. In addition, this kind of disease cause other viral and bacterial pathogens infection, so it is difficult for these The latent infection of the pathogen diagnosis. These immune suppression often showed the coexistence of a variety of infectious and non infectious factor factor situation in chicken virus. It is difficult to control in the production process and the eradication of avian leukosis virus subgroup.J (Avian leukosis virus subgroup J, ALV-J) and Reticuloendotheliosis Virus (Retieuloendothe Liosis virus, REV) is a retrovirus, both of which can cause different degree of inhibition of poultry immune disease, is a typical representative of chicken immunosuppressive viruses. A common ALV-J and REV mixed infection phenomenon in poultry, especially in recent years, the two co infection phenomenon is common. However, at present the lack of safe and effective vaccines for These two kinds of pathogen prevention, and these two kinds of pathogen induced antibody level is low, even without inducing antibodies, resulting in prevention and detection of problems and omissions. In order to find new methods to control ALV-J and REV infection and transmission, this study used SPF to establish the immune suppression model of chickens infected with REV and ALV-J, research the two co infection The immunosuppressive synergy; then select Taishan pine pollen polysaccharide (Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide, TPPPS) and propolis (Propolis, PP) immune enhancing effect on immune suppression of two chickens, in order to provide new ideas for the effective suppression of disease prevention and control of viral immunity. Firstly, SPF chickens A infection LV-J and REV inhibited the immune model. 120 healthy 1 day old SPF chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (I-IV), 30 rats in each group.I-III chicks were given intraperitoneal injection of REV, ALV-J, REV and ALV-J (mixed 1:1), the establishment of a separate infection and co infection model; group IV was injected with saline water a healthy control group. After infection of 7,14,21,28,35,42 and 56 d, Each group of 3 rats were randomly selected and related immune indexes. The results showed that the virus single infection and mixed infection can cause chicken growth dysplasia, atrophy of central immune organs, immune organ index decreased, the rate of lymphocyte transformation and CD4+, the number of CD8+T cells decreased, while Chicken Interleukin (IL-2) and interferon (IFN-). A decrease in the secretion and And the virus co infection of immune inhibition degree is the most obvious. The results showed that ALV-J, REV can induce the occurrence of chicken immunosuppressive diseases, and between ALV-J and REV has a synergistic effect, seriously inhibit the development of immune organs and immune function, increase immune suppression of diseases of the body and then use TPPPS and PP. The co infection ALV-J and REV in immune function. Healthy 1 day old SPF 150 chicks were randomly divided into 5 groups (I-V), 30 rats in each group.I-IV chickens were infected with REV and ALV-J group, reared in the same conditions I, II group were injected TPPPS (50, PP (mg/ml) 50 mg/ml 0.2 ml); III group were injected with TPPPS (50 mg/ml) and 0.1ml PP (50 mg/ml) 0.1 M L; IV normal saline were injected with the same content as the control group; V group as a healthy control group, at the age of 9 days, each group of Newcastle disease vaccine, 7,14,21,28,35,42,56 after infection of D, randomly selected 3 feathers, related immune indexes. The results showed that TPPPS and PP are not the same degree of infection control after the immune suppression of the immune system of chicken The growth and development, compared to unused immunoregulators immune suppression group, TPPPS and PP can effectively improve the immune organ index, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion, improvement of the failure of vaccine specific immune state, reduce viral loads in immune organs. In TPPPS group, immune enhancement effect was significantly higher than PP group, the combined effects of TPPPS and PP (TPP PS-PP) group of immune enhancement effect was significantly higher than that of TPPPS or PP alone group. The results showed that TPPPS and PP are effective immunopotentiator, can improve the immune function of chicken immune suppression, and has synergistic effect between TPPPS and PP, TPPPS or PP enhancement effect is better than using a single group of immune function.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.31

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