皖东牛生长期能量需要评价模型的建立及代谢产热量与增重关系的研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 19:17

本文选题：能量需要 + 产热量　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：皖东牛是安徽省地方优良品种,在当地饲养历史悠久。因其耐粗饲,抗病力强,役用性能好,屠宰率高,逐渐受到人们的重视。本文旨在对皖东牛生长期能量需要进行探究,研究了不同日粮能量水平对日增重的影响,皖东牛生长期的维持净能需要量,不同能量采食水平对产热量的影响,净能需要量。1不同日粮能量水平对皖东牛生长期日增重的影响本研究选择13头体况良好、体重相近(295.97±30.52)kg的生长期皖东牛公牛,通过饲养试验,研究不同日粮能量水平对生长期皖东牛日增重的影响及生长期皖东牛能量维持需要量。采用单因素随机试验设计,按照日粮不同总能采食水平设三个处理,依次为 T1(92.03MJ/d)、T2(68.77MJ/d)和 T3(45.53MJ/d)。测定了生长期皖东牛的总增重、日增重。研究结果表明:三个处理皖东牛平均日增重差异极显著,单位代谢体重总能摄入(GE,kJ/kg0.75·d)与日增重(△W,kg/d)的关系式为:GE(kJ/kg0.75.d)=353.87△W+942.70(P0.01,r=0.82)。AW为日增重,当△W=0时,维持需要下总能需要量为 942.70kJ/kg0.75.d,每增重 1kg,需要增重总能 353.87 kJ/kg0.75·d。2皖东牛生长期绝食代谢研究通过研究皖东牛生长期绝食产热量来推算其维持净能需要量。选取健康无病、体重(315.6±45.8)kg的皖东牛公牛3头进行绝食代谢试验,用较低水平(干草2kg/d,精料0.5kg/d)饲喂一周后开始绝食,自由饮水。从绝食第4天起连续3天采用呼吸代谢头箱测定试验牛在站立状态下的畜体产热量,测定始末称重,取其平均值作为绝食体重。结果表明,生长期皖东牛绝食代谢产热(FHP)为356.26 kJ/kg0.75-d,根据NEm=120%FHP估测得出,生长期皖东牛维持净能需要量为427.51 kJ/kg0.75.d。3皖东牛生长期净能需要量的研究本试验为了探究皖东牛生长期净能需要量。选择7头体况良好,体重相近的生长期皖东牛,试验分为三期不同能量水平饲喂,每期15天,三期日粮能量水平分别为T1(92.03MJ/d)、T2(68.77MJ/d)和 T3(45.53MJ/d),通过三期不同能量梯度的饲喂,测量试验牛体重变化和代谢产热。研究结果表明,生长期皖东牛总能到净能的转化效率为44.66%,维持净能需要量为420.97 kJ/kg0.75.d,产热量(HP,kJ/kg0.75.d)与日增重(AW,kg/d)之间的线性回归关系为 HP(kJ/kg0.75.d)=81.535△W+420.97,(P0.01,r=0.78),生长期皖东牛净能需要量为 NE(kJ/kg0.75·d)= 158.04△W+420.97,每公斤增重需要生长净能158.04 kJ/kg0.75-d。
[Abstract]:East Anhui cattle is an excellent local breed in Anhui Province, and has a long history in local breeding. People pay more and more attention to it because of its strong resistance to disease, good performance in service and high slaughter rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the energy needs of Anhui East Anhui cattle during the growth period, and to study the effects of different dietary energy levels on daily gain, the net energy requirement of the growth period and the effects of different energy intake levels on the energy production. Effects of different dietary energy levels on daily gain of Wandong cattle in growing period, 13 bulls with good body condition and similar body weight (295.97 卤30.52) kg were selected in this study. The effects of different dietary energy levels on the daily gain of Anhui East Anhui cattle and the energy maintenance requirements of the growing Anhui cattle were studied. The single factor random trial design was used. According to the different dietary total energy intake levels, three treatments were set up, T1 (92.03 MJ / d) and T2 (68.77 MJ / d) and T3 (45.53 MJ / d) respectively. The total weight gain and daily gain of Anhui east cattle in growing period were measured. The results showed that the average daily gain of the three treatments was significantly different. The relationship between the total metabolic body weight intake (GEK J / kg 0.75 d) and daily gain (WN kg / d) was as follows: 1. GE (KJ / kg0.75.d) / 353.87 W 942.70 (P0.01 / kg 0.82) .AW = 0, respectively. The total energy requirement was 942.70kJ / kg 0.75.dunder the requirement of maintenance, the total energy gain of 353.87 kJ / kg 0.75d.2 for every 1 kg gain was calculated by studying the calorie requirement of the growth period of Anhui East Anhui cattle. Three healthy and disease-free Wandong bulls with body weight of (315.6 卤45.8kg) kg were selected for a hunger strike metabolism test, and fed with a lower level (2 kg / d of hay, concentrate 0.5kg/d) for one week after hunger strike and drinking free water. From the 4th day of hunger strike, the body heat production of the cattle in standing state was measured by respiratory metabolism headbox for 3 consecutive days, the weight was measured and the average value was taken as the hunger strike body weight. The results showed that the fasting metabolic heat production (FHP) of Anhui East Anhui cattle was 356.26 kJ / kg 0.75-d during the growing period. A study on the net energy requirement of Anhui East Anhui cattle during the growth period was 427.51 KJ / kg 0.75.d.3 in order to explore the net energy requirement of Anhui East Anhui cattle during the growing period. In this experiment, 7 heads of Wandong cattle with good body condition and similar body weight were divided into three periods of different energy levels, 15 days each, and the dietary energy levels in three periods were T1 (92.03 MJ / d) and T2 (68.77 MJ / d) and T3 (45.53 MJ / d), respectively, and fed with three stages of different energy gradients. Body weight and metabolic heat production were measured. The results show that The conversion efficiency of total energy to net energy of East Anhui cattle was 44.66, the net energy requirement of maintenance was 420.97 KJ / kg 0.75.d, the linear regression relationship between HPJ / kg0.75.d and daily gain was HP (KJ / kg0.75.d) 81.535W 420.97, (P0.01hrc0.78), and the net energy requirement was NE (kJkg0.75d) = 158.04 W420.97. The net energy of growth per kilogram weight gain is 158.04 kJ / kg 0.75-d.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823

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