猪床单元宽度及群体位次对妊娠母猪行为的影响

发布时间：2018-06-23 17:53

本文选题：动物 + 行为研究　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年22期

【摘要】：猪能自由表达行为被认为是福利养殖的一个重要方面。为探讨自由进出猪床的单元宽度及群体位次对妊娠母猪行为的影响,试验选用18头已配种4周左右的母猪,随机分到3圈栏,每圈栏6头。圈栏内设有6个可自由进出的猪床单元,其长度均为1 500 mm,宽度分别设600、700、800 mm 3种规格各2单元。每圈栏内相同宽度猪床单元相邻排列,不同圈栏内不同宽度猪床单元交叉排列。基于每圈栏猪混群48 h内的争胜行为结果计算出每头猪的位次指数,猪群中群体位次排名1~2的猪被定义为高位次猪,排名3~4的猪为中位次的猪,排名5~6的猪为低位次的猪。结果表明:母猪在600 mm宽的猪床单元内的躺卧时间明显少于在800 mm单元内的(P0.05)。中位次的母猪在猪床单元内的躺卧持续时间显著低于低位次的(P0.05)。高位次与中位次的猪在700 mm单元内侧卧持续时间无显著性差异(P0.05),但二者侧卧持续时间显著少于低位次的猪(P0.05)。母猪采食时所发生的攻击频次在600 mm宽度猪床单元内显著低于其他两者(P0.05)。母猪在600、700和800 mm宽度猪床单元内采食时所发生的取代频次随着猪床单元宽度的增加而增加,并且两两之间均有极显著性差异(P0.01)。高位次和中位次猪在单元内采食所发生的攻击和取代频次均显著高于低位次猪(P0.05),而被攻击和被取代次数均显著低于低位次猪的(P0.05)。3个圈栏中高位次的母猪占据最先投食的猪床单元百分比分别为62.5%、50%和100%。可见,800 mm宽度的猪床有利于猪的躺卧,而不利于猪的采食。高位次的猪占据采食和躺卧的有利资源。
[Abstract]:The ability of pigs to express their behavior freely is considered to be an important aspect of welfare farming. In order to investigate the effect of unit width and population order on the behavior of pregnant sows, 18 sows who had been bred for about 4 weeks were randomly divided into 3 laps and 6 laps. There are six pig bed units which can enter and leave freely in the circle column. The length of each unit is 1 500mm, and the width is 600700800 mm, 3 specifications and 2 units, respectively. The pig bed units of the same width in each lap are arranged adjacent to each other, and the pig bed units of different widths in different laps are intersected. The rank index of each pig was calculated on the basis of the result of competition within 48 hours. The pigs in the group rank 1 / 2 were defined as high rank pigs, 3 / 4 pigs were middle rank pigs and 5 / 6 pigs were low rank pigs. The results showed that the lying time of sows in 600 mm wide pig bed unit was significantly less than that in 800 mm unit (P0.05). The lying duration of the sows in the middle position was significantly lower than that in the lower order (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the duration of lateral lying between high and middle position pigs in 700mm unit (P0.05), but the duration of lateral lying between them was significantly lower than that of low rank pigs (P0.05). The attack frequency in the 600 mm width pig bed unit was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P0.05). The substitution frequency of sows fed in 600700 and 800mm width pig bed unit increased with the increase of pig bed unit width, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P0.01). The attack and substitution frequency of high and middle order pigs were significantly higher than that of low rank pigs (P0.05), while the times of attack and substitution were significantly lower than those of low rank pigs (P0.05). The percentages of pig bed units were 62.5% and 100%, respectively. It can be seen that the 800 mm width pig bed is conducive to the lying of pigs, but is not conducive to the feeding of pigs. High-ranking pigs occupy favorable resources for feeding and lying down.
【作者单位】：重庆市畜牧科学院农业部西南设施养殖工程科学观测试验站;中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院农业部设施农业工程重点实验室;北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-36)
【分类号】：S828

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