山东省部分种鸡场鸡白痢和滑液囊支原体病的流行病学调查

发布时间：2018-06-24 20:21

本文选题：鸡白痢 + 鸡滑液囊支原体病　；参考：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,山东省的种鸡产业快速发展,但是规模不一、饲养管理和疫病防控水平不同,鸡白痢和及滑液囊支原体病的感染率显著不同。为了解鸡白痢和滑液囊支原体病在山东省部分地区种鸡场的流行情况,本文采用血清平板凝集试验的方法,对济宁、泰安、聊城和菏泽4个地区的13个种鸡场的16312只父母代海兰褐种鸡进行了鸡白痢沙门氏菌感染率的调查。对肥城和聊城2个地区的6个种鸡场的2849只鸡进行了鸡滑液囊支原体的感染调查,并对其中的6个种公鸡场进行了鸡白痢沙门氏菌和滑液囊支原体共感染的情况调查。调查发现,鸡白痢的平均感染率为8.39%(1368/16312),公鸡的感染率为9.32%(398/4270),母鸡的感染率为8.06%(970/12042),90日龄以下的鸡感染率为11%(206/1872),90日龄以上鸡的感染率为8%(1160/14440)。滑液囊支原体的平均感染率为16.71%(476/2849),公鸡的感染率27.11%(398/1409),母鸡的感染率为6.53%(94/1440),不同日龄鸡只的感染率显著不同,90日龄以下的鸡感染率为7.26%(119/1640),90日龄以上的鸡感染率为29.53%(357/1209)。两病共感染率为0.91%(11/1209)。可见,山东省种鸡场鸡白痢和滑液囊支原体病普遍存在,个别场还比较严重,公鸡和母鸡都存在感染,青年鸡、产蛋鸡都不同程度的受到鸡白痢沙门氏菌和鸡滑液囊支原体的感染,两垂直传染性疾病的净化势在必行。采集鸡白痢和滑液囊支原体病血清阳性的消瘦、精神萎靡的鸡只进行了剖检诊断和病理组织学的检查,鸡白痢以肝脏坏死灶、脾脏肿大和多器官白痢结节为病变特征,结节以巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞、异嗜性粒细胞及成纤维细胞为主。滑液囊支原体病则以跗关节、趾关节及胸部滑膜囊肿胀,腔内充满胶胨样渗出物,镜检滑膜囊、关节腔和腱鞘中可见大量炎性细胞和纤维素渗出,滑液囊膜增厚及绒毛样增生,其中见大量淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润、增生。对分离到的10株沙门氏菌进行了7种药物的敏感性实验,结果显示对氟苯尼考的耐药率最高,达到60%,其次是卡那霉素,达50%,对左旋氧氟沙星的敏感性最高,达到80%,三重耐药菌的比例最高达30%,两重和四重耐药的比例均为20%。细菌多重耐药性的产生给临床药物防治带来了极大的困难。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the breeding chicken industry in Shandong Province has developed rapidly, but the scale is different. The infection rate of chicken white dysentery and mycoplasma synovial sac is significantly different with different levels of breeding management and epidemic disease prevention and control. In order to understand the epidemic situation of chicken white dysentery and mycoplasma synovial sac disease in some areas of Shandong Province, serum plate agglutination test was used to study the prevalence of Jining and Tai'an. The infection rate of Salmonella pullorum was investigated in 16312 parents of 13 chicken farms in Liaocheng and Heze. The infection of mycoplasma synovial sac in 2849 chickens from 6 breeding farms in Feicheng and Liaocheng was investigated, and the co-infection of Salmonella pullorum and Mycoplasma synoviae in 6 male farms were investigated. The results showed that the average infection rate of white dysentery was 8.39% (1368 / 16312), the infection rate of cock was 9.32% (398 / 4270), the infection rate of hen was 8.06% (970 / 12042), the infection rate of chickens under 90 days old was 11% (206 / 1872), the infection rate of chickens over 90 days old was 8% (1160 / 14440). The average infection rate of mycoplasma synovial sac was 16.71% (476 / 2849), the infection rate of cock was 27.11% (398 / 1409), the infection rate of hen was 6.53% (94 / 1440). The total infection rate of the two diseases was 0.91% (11 / 1209). It can be seen that white dysentery and mycoplasmosis of synovial sac are prevalent in chicken farms in Shandong Province, and are relatively serious in individual farms. Both roosters and hens are infected. Young chickens, Laying hens were infected by Salmonella pullorum and Mycoplasma synovium in varying degrees, so purification of two vertical infectious diseases was imperative. Chicken white dysentery and mycoplasma synovial sac mycoplasmal seropositive emaciation were collected for dissection diagnosis and histopathological examination. The disease was characterized by liver necrosis, splenomegaly and multiple organ pullorum nodule. The nodules were mainly macrophages, lymphocytes, heterophil and fibroblasts. Mycoplasmosis of synovial sac was caused by swelling of tarsal joint, toe joint and thoracic synovial cyst, filling the cavity with peptone exudate. A large number of inflammatory cells and cellulose exudates were observed under microscope in synovial sac, articular cavity and tendon sheath, synovial capsule thickening and villous hyperplasia. Among them, a large number of lymphocytes and macrophages infiltration, proliferation. The sensitivity tests of 7 kinds of drugs to 10 Salmonella strains were carried out. The results showed that the drug resistance rate to florfenicol was the highest (60%), followed by kanamycin (50%) and levofloxacin (50%). Up to 80%, the proportion of triple resistant bacteria reached 30%, and the ratio of double and quadruple drug resistance was 20. 5%. The emergence of multidrug resistance of bacteria brings great difficulties to the prevention and treatment of clinical drugs.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.31

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