猪精液保存技术及AI应用的研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 09:25

  本文选题：猪 + 精液保存　； 参考：《广东海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：猪人工授精(Artificial Insemination;AI)技术在生产上已广泛应用,精液作为人工授精技术的关键环节,其保存技术越来越受到重视,但还存在诸多问题。低温保存简单经济,但技术仍然不成熟,目前还处于稀释液筛选阶段,冷冻保存虽然能逾越各种界限,但在全球的使用率却仅仅只有1%。而且精液的保存技术却时刻制约着人工授精的效果,为了进一步提高人工授精的利用率和精液保存技术的推广,本文对上述问题进行了3项研究,试验1是以长白公猪精液为试验对象,以雌二醇、睾酮、黄体酮、ATP、BSA为添加剂,分别以不同浓度加入Tris卵黄稀释液、Modena稀释液、Modena+sk稀释液中低温保存,进行最佳添加剂、最有效添加浓度、以及最佳稀释液的筛选;试验2以长白公猪精液为试验对象,添加不同浓度的甘油、卵黄、以及不同糖类到Tris卵黄稀释液中冷冻保存,探索甘油、卵黄的最佳添加浓度,以及不同糖类的改善效果;试验3以长白、大白、杜洛克母猪为实验对象,分别使用鲜精与冷冻精液进行人工授精对比试验,探讨冷冻精液在规模化生产中的使用效果,结果如下:试验1:最佳浓度与最佳添加剂:在Tris卵黄稀释液中,10μg/ml雌二醇、20μg/ml睾酮、80μg/ml黄体酮、0.025mg/ml ATP、0.05、0.1mg/ml BSA是改善低温保存效果的最有效浓度,其中保存效果最好的是80μg/ml黄体酮。最佳稀释液:改善效果最好的稀释液是Modena+sk(脱脂乳)稀释液,其次是Tris卵黄稀释液,最后是Modena稀释液,其中以Modena+sk+0.05mg/mlBSA(P0.05)的组合对猪精液5℃保存的改善效果最好。试验2:长白猪精液在本实验中,3%浓度的甘油对精液品质具的改善效果较明显(P0.05),过多的甘油体现出其毒性作用,对精液品质无改善甚至全部死亡。20%含量的卵黄对精液品质的改善效果较明显(P0.05),过多或过少的浓度均呈现出一定的副作用,对精液品质无改善甚至全部死亡。海藻糖与果糖对精液品质的改善效果比其他糖类明显(P0.05),其次是蔗糖与乳糖的,最差的是葡萄糖。试验3:冻精活力34±3%,鲜精93±2%,冻精解冻后的精液品质均明显低于鲜精组(P0.05)。冻精组母猪的受胎率(50-66%)、分娩率(73-90%)、窝均产仔数(6.3-8.7)、窝均产活仔数(5.3-7.5)均低于鲜精组(P0.05)。精子活力低是导致其繁殖成绩差,以及不能应用在规模化猪场上的主要原因之一。从试验观察上总结:冻精首次输精时间延迟3-6小时是可行的。杜洛克母猪繁殖效果最差。有轻微生殖道疾病的母猪,使用冻精难以使其怀孕,换成鲜精却可马上受孕。凉爽天气受胎效果比较理想。本研究展示了猪精液低温保存、冷冻保存中各种添加剂,以及冷冻精液人工授精的使用效果,未来还要进一步探索其他添加剂以及组合对精液保存的作用,以及在冷冻精液人工授精的操作规程上作出更深入的制定。
[Abstract]:Pig artificial insemination (AI) technology has been widely used in production. Semen, as a key link of artificial insemination technology, has been paid more and more attention to, but there are still many problems. Cryopreservation is simple and economical, but the technology is still immature. At present, it is still in the stage of dilution screening. Although cryopreservation can cross all kinds of limits, the utilization rate of cryopreservation is only 1% in the world. In order to further improve the utilization rate of artificial insemination and the popularization of semen preservation technology, this paper has carried out three studies on the above problems, in order to further improve the utilization rate of artificial insemination and the popularization of semen preservation technology. In experiment 1, the semen of Landrace boar was used as experiment object, estradiol, testosterone and progesterone ATP BSA were used as additives, and different concentrations of Tris egg yolk diluent Modena dilution were added to Modena diluent at low temperature to preserve the best additive. The most effective concentration and the best diluent were screened. In experiment 2, different concentrations of glycerol, yolk, and different sugars were added to Tris yolk diluent to explore glycerol. The optimum concentration of egg yolk and the improvement effect of different sugars. Experiment 3: contrast experiment of artificial insemination with fresh semen and frozen semen with Landrace, white and Duroc sows, The results were as follows: experiment 1: the best concentration and additive: 10 渭 g/ml estradiol 20 渭 g/ml testosterone 80 渭 g/ml progesterone 0.025 mg / ml ATP 0.05 mg / ml BSA is the most effective concentration to improve the cryopreservation effect. The best preservation effect was 80 渭 g/ml progesterone. The best diluent: Modena sk (skim milk), Tris yolk dilution and Modena diluent were the best. Modena SK 0.05 mg / ml BSA (P0.05) had the best effect on the preservation of porcine semen at 5 鈩，

本文编号：2069914