玛曲草地植被退化的时空分布及其人文因素分析

发布时间：2018-07-10 03:34

本文选题：草地植被退化 + 人文因素　；参考：《中国草地学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：基于玛曲草地遥感数据和牧民草场数据,定量分析了草地退化的时空分布以及与不同人文因素的关系,结果显示:(1)玛曲草地退化的主要类型是草地质量退化,从2008年开始,植被退化的空间分布主要由北部的高海拔地区逐渐向东南部的低海拔地区转移;(2)玛曲草地退化与联户比例、养羊比容和家庭草场面积呈负相关,而与人口密度和牲畜密度呈正相关;(3)随着家庭劳动力负担系数的增加,草场植被盖度和可食牧草的比例呈倒"U"型分布;随着牧户放牧强度的减弱,植被盖度和可食牧草的比例(除豆科外)呈缓慢增长的趋势;随着联户规模的扩大,植被盖度和可食牧草的比例呈倒"U"型的分布;随着联户规模的增加,草场鼠洞数量呈"U"型分布,但随着牧户放牧强度的减弱,草场鼠洞数量逐渐减少;尽管联户经营可以缓解草场退化,但也存在使单个牧民采取超载放牧的动机,政府通过实施一定的生态补偿政策和加强监管力度可以转变牧户自身的博弈策略,最终达到一种最优策略的新型"纳什均衡"。
[Abstract]:Based on the remote sensing data of Maqu grassland and herdsmen grassland data, the spatial and temporal distribution of grassland degradation and its relationship with different human factors were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the main type of grassland degradation in Maqu grassland was grassland quality degradation, which began in 2008. The spatial distribution of vegetation degradation was mainly transferred from the high altitude area in the north to the low elevation area in the southeast. (2) the proportion of the degradation of Maqu grassland to the joint household, the specific capacity of sheep and the area of the family pasture were negatively correlated. But it was positively correlated with population density and livestock density. (3) with the increase of household labor burden coefficient, the vegetation coverage and the proportion of edible forage grass were inversely "U" type distribution, and with the decrease of grazing intensity, The vegetation coverage and the proportion of edible forage grass (except legumes) increased slowly; with the expansion of household size, the ratio of vegetation coverage and edible forage showed an inverted "U" type distribution; with the increase of household size, the proportion of vegetation coverage and edible forage grass showed an inverted "U" type distribution. The number of rodent caverns in grassland is "U" type, but with the decrease of grazing intensity, the number of rodent caverns decreases gradually. Although joint household management can alleviate the degradation of pasture, there is also a motive for individual herdsmen to adopt overloading grazing. By implementing certain ecological compensation policy and strengthening supervision, the government can change the game strategy of herdsmen themselves, and finally achieve a new "Nash equilibrium" of the optimal strategy.
【作者单位】：兰州大学经济学院/社区与生物多样性保护研究中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目“青藏高原社区天然草场草地保护与合理利用技术研究与示范”(20120300610) 甘肃省沙化土地封禁保护补助试点区经济效益监测与评估项目(406/071200006) 中央高校基本科研业务专项资金(15LZUJBEYJ015)
【分类号】：S812.6

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