蛋鸡输卵管卵清蛋白表达的研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 17:15

本文选题：蛋重 + 产蛋率　；参考：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究探明饲养环境、管理和日粮蛋白水平对与蛋重紧密相关的输卵管中卵清蛋白的表达变化的影响,以期达到调控蛋重的大小,满足生产及生活中人们对蛋重的要求。环境和管理方面,从不同产蛋率和不同蛋重、热应激、强制换羽三个不同状态下研究卵清蛋白的表达变化;日粮蛋白水平方面,在产蛋后期和高峰期,降低日粮蛋白水平并补足必需氨基酸,探究卵清蛋白表达的变化。试验一研究了不同产蛋率和蛋重蛋鸡输卵管卵清蛋白的表达规律。根据不同的产蛋率(低/高)和蛋重(小/大)选取20只海兰褐蛋鸡分成四个组:低产蛋率小蛋重组、低产蛋率大蛋重组、高产蛋率小蛋重组和高产蛋率大蛋重组。结果显示,这4组蛋鸡在采食量和血清尿酸、葡萄糖、雌二醇水平上没有差异,而高产蛋率小蛋重组却比其他3组有较高水平的卵清蛋白表达。试验二研究了热应激对蛋重及输卵管卵清蛋白表达的影响。45只海兰褐蛋鸡分成每组15的三个组:热应激组、采食配对组和对照组,其中热应激组在32oC条件下处理10天。结果表明,热应激组的采食量和产蛋量下降,而产蛋率、蛋重、和体重在三个组没有差异。输卵管卵清蛋白表达量和血清尿酸、葡萄糖、雌二醇水平不受热应激的影响。试验三研究了强制换羽对蛋重及输卵管卵清蛋白表达的影响。80只82周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡分成四个组,进行强制换羽,分别记录及检测换羽前、换羽中和换羽后产蛋性能和输卵管卵清蛋白的表达。结果显示,在换羽中期输卵管卵清蛋白的表达是显著低于换羽前和换羽后的。综上所述,输卵管卵清蛋白的表达与蛋鸡的生殖状态相关,而血清雌二醇水平与输卵管卵清蛋白的表达水平没有显著相关关系。试验四研究了产蛋后期降低日粮蛋白水平对输卵管卵清蛋白表达的影响。选取160只70周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡分为两个组:对照组和低蛋白组,其中对照组粗蛋白水平16.5%,低蛋白组的日粮较对照组蛋白低3.5%,减少豆粕用量,补充必需氨基酸-赖、蛋、苏、色、精、缬、异亮等至正常水平,并添加0.25%甘氨酸。试验进行8个周。结果显示,低蛋白日粮组的蛋重和体重下降,产蛋率和产蛋量与对照组相比没有变化;除了蛋黄颜色加深外,蛋品质方面也没有变化;血清尿酸、尿素氮和总游离氨基酸水平与对照组没有差异;输卵管卵清蛋白的表达量下降。试验五研究了产蛋高峰期降低日粮蛋白水平对输卵管卵清蛋白表达的影响。选取480只25周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡分为四个组:对照组、低蛋白组、低蛋白+甘氨酸组和低蛋白+丙氨酸组,其中对照组粗蛋白水平16.5%,低蛋白组较对照组蛋白低4%,减少豆粕用量,补充必需氨基酸-赖、蛋、苏、色、精、缬、异亮等至正常水平,低蛋白+甘氨酸组在低蛋白组日粮的基础上添加0.25%甘氨酸,低蛋白+丙氨酸组在低蛋白组日粮的基础上添加0.30%丙氨酸,保持与低蛋白+甘氨酸组的蛋白水平相当。试验进行20周。结果表明,低蛋白日粮降低了蛋重、产蛋率、采食量、体重等生产性能;除蛋黄颜色加深外,对蛋品质没有显著影响;输卵管卵清蛋白的表达也没有显著变化。以上研究表明,输卵管膨大部OV的表达量与蛋重及其他生产性能指标无紧密的关系,而与蛋鸡的生殖状态有关,并可能受日粮蛋白水平的调控。
[Abstract]:This study explored the effects of feeding environment, management and dietary protein level on the expression of ovalbumin in oviduct, which is closely related to egg weight, in order to regulate the size of egg weight and meet the requirements of egg weight in production and life. Environment and management, from different laying rate and egg weight, heat stress, and forced feathers, three The changes in the expression of ovalbumin were studied in different states. In the level of dietary protein, the level of dietary protein and essential amino acids were reduced and the expression of ovalbumin was investigated at the late and peak stages of laying eggs. 20 hens and egg weight (small / big) were divided into four groups: the low yield egg rate small egg restructure, the low yield egg rate big egg restructure, the high yield egg rate small egg recombination and the high yield egg rate big egg restructure. The results showed that the 4 groups were not different in the feed intake, the serum uric acid, the glucose and the female two alcohol level, but the high yield egg rate small egg restructure was better than that The 3 groups had high level of ovalbumin expression. Test two the effect of heat stress on egg weight and ovalbumin expression in.45 was divided into three groups of 15 of each group: heat stress group, feeding pairing group and control group. The heat stress group treated for 10 days under 32oC conditions. The results showed that the feed intake and production of heat stress group were for 10 days. The amount of egg production, egg weight, and weight were not different in three groups. The effect of oviduct ovalbumin expression and serum uric acid, glucose and estradiol was not affected by heat stress. Test three the effect of forced plume on egg weight and ovalbumin expression in.80 was divided into four groups, which were only 82 weeks old. The results showed that the expression of ovalbumin was significantly lower than before and after the plume in the plume, and the oviduct ovalbumin's table was related to the reproductive state of the laying hens and the serum estradiol. There was no significant correlation between level and ovalbumin expression level. Experiment four studied the effect of dietary protein level on oviduct ovalbumin expression at the later stage of egg production. 160 70 week old hens were divided into two groups: the control group and the low protein group, in which the crude protein level of the control group was 16.5%, and the low protein group was the day. The diet was 3.5% lower than that of the control group, reducing the amount of soybean meal, supplementing the essential amino acids - Lai, eggs, SW, color, sperm, valerine, and brighten to normal levels, and adding 0.25% glycine for 8 weeks. The results showed that the egg weight and weight of the low protein diet group decreased, the egg production rate and the egg production rate were not changed compared with the control group; except for the yolk color, the color of the egg yolk was deepened, There was no change in egg quality; serum uric acid, urea nitrogen and total free amino acids were not different from those in the control group; the expression of oviduct ovalbumin decreased. Experiment five studied the effect of reducing the level of dietary protein on ovalbumin expression in the peak period of egg production. 480 25 weeks old hens were divided into four groups: Group, low protein group, low protein + glycine group and low protein + alanine group, in which the crude protein level of the control group was 16.5%, the low protein group was 4% lower than the control group, and the amount of soybean meal was reduced. The essential amino acids were supplemented to the normal level, and the low protein + glycine group added 0.25% glycine on the basis of low protein diet. Amino acid, low protein + alanine group added 0.30% alanine on the basis of low protein diet and kept the same protein level as low protein + glycine. The experiment was carried out for 20 weeks. The results showed that low protein diet reduced egg weight, egg production rate, feed intake and weight, and had no significant effect on egg quality except the color of egg yolk. The expression of ovalbumin in oviduct did not change significantly. The above study showed that the expression of OV in the tubal enlargement was not closely related to the egg weight and other production performance indicators, but it was related to the reproductive state of the laying hens and may be regulated by the level of dietary protein.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831

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