不同锌源对不同温度下肉种母鸡相关性能及分子指标的影响

发布时间：2018-07-10 20:28

本文选题：锌 + 温度　；参考：《中国农业科学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验通过观测不同锌源对不同温度下肉种母鸡产蛋性能、种蛋蛋品质、孵化性能、血浆、组织抗氧化性能及相关分子指标的影响,以探讨饲粮锌对肉种母鸡的抗热应激效应及可能机制。选用144只23周龄(155日龄)AA肉种母鸡,按2×3完全随机设计分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复4只鸡。试验设2个饲养环境温度:21?1℃常温和32?1℃高温;3个饲粮锌处理:未加锌的玉米─玉米淀粉─大豆分离蛋白半纯合基础饲粮(含锌9.98 mg/kg)及在此基础上添加110 mg/kg锌源于无机硫酸锌(ZnSO4?7H2O)饲粮和110 mg/kg锌源于中等螯合强度有机锌(螯合强度Qf为30.73)饲粮。预饲期为7周,然后使肉种母鸡耗竭锌3周,至228日龄开始为期9周的正式试验期。收集正式试验期第3、7及9周最后3天的种蛋,并于224(正式试验开始前)、249及291日龄采集血浆样品及在试验结束时采集肝脏、胰腺样品以备后续相关指标分析。与常温组相比,高温热应激显著降低了产蛋率、平均蛋重(P0.0002)、第3、7及9周蛋壳质量、第3周种蛋蛋黄颜色与第9周蛋黄中锌含量、249日龄母鸡血浆ALP和CuZnSOD活性(P0.002),显著升高了249和291日龄母鸡直肠温度、破蛋率、料蛋比(P0.0001)、249日龄母鸡血浆TRI和MDA含量及CK活性、肝脏和胰腺中CuZnSOD活性、MT含量及HSP70 mRNA表达水平(P0.06)。与未加锌相比,添加有机锌显著提高第3周种蛋蛋黄颜色、249日龄母鸡血浆CuZnSOD活性与291日龄母鸡血浆MDA含量及肝脏锌含量(P0.08),且未加锌与添加无机锌间无显著差异(P0.35);与未加锌相比,添加有机锌与无机锌显著提高3周种蛋出雏率和健雏率、第9周蛋黄锌含量及肝脏MT含量(P0.04),而添加无机锌与有机锌间无显著差异(P0.34);与无机锌相比,添加有机锌显著降低肝脏HSF2和HSP70 mRNA表达水平(P0.10),而未加锌与添加无机锌间无显著差异(P0.26)。在常温条件下,与未加锌及有机锌相比,添加无机锌组显著提高291日龄母鸡血浆ALP活性(P0.003),而未加锌与添加有机锌间无显著差异(P0.99),而在高温条件下,三个锌处理组间无显著差异(P0.36);在常温条件下,三个锌处理间的胰腺锌含量及肝脏和胰腺中HSF3 mRNA表达水平均无显著差异(P0.13),而在高温条件下,与添加无机锌相比,添加有机锌显著提高胰腺锌含量(P0.05)并显著降低肝脏和胰腺中HSF3 mRNA表达水平(P0.002),且添加无机锌组的胰腺锌含量显著高于未加锌组(P0.03),添加有机锌组的肝脏和胰腺中HSF3 mRNA表达水平与未加锌组无显著差异(P0.69)。综上所述:(1)高温热应激对产蛋期肉种母鸡产蛋性能、蛋壳质量和血浆抗氧化性能产生不利影响。高温热应激可使肉种母鸡肝脏、胰腺中CuZnSOD活性、MT含量显著升高并使肝脏HSPs70、90 mRNA及胰腺HSP70 mRNA表达量显著上调,以此来保护机体免受热应激的影响;(2)饲粮中添加无机或有机锌均可使种蛋蛋黄中锌含量、出雏率、健雏率,肝脏、胰腺中锌及MT含量显著升高,且添加中等螯合强度有机锌在降低母鸡肝脏HSP70、HSF2 mRNA表达水平与提高血浆CuZnSOD活性及种蛋蛋黄颜色方面的效果明显优于无机锌;(3)该种中等螯合强度有机锌有利于高温下胰腺锌的利用,且使肉种母鸡肝脏、胰腺HSF3 mRNA表达量免受热应激的影响。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effects of different zinc sources on the egg laying performance, egg quality, hatching performance, plasma, tissue antioxidant properties and related molecular indexes of the meat hens at different temperatures were observed in order to explore the heat resistance effect and possible mechanism of dietary zinc on meat hens. 144 AA meat hens at the age of 23 weeks (155 days of age) were selected by 2 x 3 completely random. The design was divided into 6 groups, with 6 repetitions in each group and 4 chickens for each repetition. The experiment set up 2 feeding environment temperatures: 21? 1 C and 32? 1 C; 3 diet of zinc: corn corn starch soybean protein isolate semi homozygous basal diet (containing zinc 9.98 mg/kg) and adding 110 zinc from inorganic zinc sulfate (ZnSO4? 7H2O) on this basis. Diet and 110 mg/kg zinc were derived from moderate chelated organic zinc (chelating strength Qf 30.73). The pre feeding period was 7 weeks, then the meat hen exhausted zinc for 3 weeks and 228 days of age began for a 9 week formal trial period. The eggs were collected at the last 3 days of the official trial period 3,7 and 9 weeks, and at 224 (before the formal trial), the plasma was collected at 249 and 291 days of age. At the end of the experiment, the liver was collected and the pancreas samples were collected for subsequent analysis. Compared with the normal temperature group, the high temperature stress significantly reduced the egg production rate, the average egg weight (P0.0002), the 3,7 and 9 weeks eggshell quality, the third weeks egg yolk color and the zinc content in the ninth week egg yolk, and the plasma ALP and CuZnSOD activity (P0.002) of the 249 day old hen's plasma significantly (P0.002). The rectal temperature, egg breaking rate, egg ratio (P0.0001), plasma TRI and MDA content and CK activity, CuZnSOD activity in liver and pancreas, MT content and HSP70 mRNA expression level (P0.06) were increased in hens at 249 and 291 day old age. Compared with non zinc, the addition of organic zinc significantly increased the color of egg yolk in third weeks and CuZnSOD activity at 249 day old hen's plasma. There was no significant difference between the plasma MDA content and liver zinc content (P0.08) in the 291 day old hens, and there was no significant difference between the unadded zinc and the inorganic zinc (P0.35). Compared with the unadded zinc, the addition of organic zinc and inorganic zinc significantly increased the egg production rate and the healthy chick rate of 3 weeks, the content of zinc and the liver MT content in ninth weeks (P0.04), but there was no significant difference between the inorganic zinc and the organic zinc. In contrast to inorganic zinc, adding organic zinc significantly decreased the expression level of liver HSF2 and HSP70 mRNA (P0.10), but there was no significant difference between the non zinc and the inorganic zinc (P0.26). Under normal temperature, the addition of inorganic zinc to the 291 day old hen's plasma ALP activity (P0.003) was significantly higher than without zinc and organic zinc, while no zinc and addition had been added to the serum of 291 day old hens. There was no significant difference between the machine zinc (P0.99), but there was no significant difference between the three zinc treatment groups at high temperature (P0.36). At normal temperature, there was no significant difference in the zinc content of the pancreas and the expression level of HSF3 mRNA in the liver and pancreas between the three zinc treatments (P0.13), and the addition of organic zinc to the addition of inorganic zinc significantly increased the pancreas under high temperature conditions. The level of HSF3 mRNA expression in the liver and pancreas (P0.002) was significantly reduced by zinc content (P0.05), and the zinc content in the pancreas was significantly higher in the addition of inorganic zinc group than in the non zinc group (P0.03). The expression level of HSF3 mRNA in the liver and pancreas of the added organic zinc group was not significantly different from that in the non zinc group (P0.69). (1) high temperature heat stress on the egg producing period meat The egg laying performance, eggshell quality and plasma antioxidant properties of hens have adverse effects. Heat stress can increase CuZnSOD activity, MT content in the liver and pancreas of hens and increase the expression of HSPs70,90 mRNA and HSP70 mRNA in the liver significantly to protect the effect of heat free stress in the body; (2) add inorganic food to the diet. Or organo zinc can make the content of zinc in the egg yolk, embryo rate, healthy embryo rate, liver, zinc and MT in pancreas increase significantly, and the addition of medium chelating strength organic zinc in the liver HSP70, HSF2 mRNA expression level and the effect of improving plasma CuZnSOD activity and egg yolk color are obviously better than inorganic zinc; (3) this kind of medium chelate The intensity of organic zinc is conducive to the utilization of zinc in pancreas under high temperature, and the expression of HSF3 mRNA in liver and pancreas of broilers is not affected by heat stress.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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