围封对沙漠化草地土壤理化性质和固碳潜力恢复的影响
发布时间：2018-07-16 09:11
【摘要】：过度放牧是科尔沁沙地退化的主要原因,禁牧围封可以有效地控制牲畜对植被-土壤系统的破坏,促进退化生态系统的有效恢复。以过度放牧后的沙漠化草地为对象,调查了禁牧围封13年后沙漠化草地土壤理化性质的变化特征,并分析了围封对土壤固碳潜力的影响。结果表明:(1)沙漠化草地围封13年后,土壤砂粒含量减少、粉粒和黏粒含量增加,且粉粒增加最为明显,平均含量增加123%;土壤容重在不同土壤深度均呈下降趋势。(2)围封后土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮和速效钾含量呈增加趋势,分别增加了102%、97%、123%和24%,但土壤有效磷和缓效钾呈减少趋势;土壤pH显著升高,阳离子交换量呈现增加趋势。(3)除土壤有效铁外,其余有效微量元素包括有效铜、有效锰和有效锌平均含量均呈增加趋势,分别增加44%、30%和82%。(4)土壤有机质与pH值、阳离子交换量、全氮、速效氮、速效钾、有效铜、有效锰、有效锌含量呈显著正相关关系。(5)沙漠化草地围封13年后,100cm深度土壤有机碳储量增加393.45 g·m~(-2),碳截存速率为30.27 g C·m~(-2)·a-1。对于因持续过度放牧所导致的严重退化草地,禁牧围封可有效促进土壤有机质、养分和微量元素的增加,影响土壤质地及固碳潜力等的变化,但严重退化沙漠化草地的恢复需要一个长期的过程,土壤有机碳储量要恢复到科尔沁非沙漠化草地水平至少需要百年的时间尺度。
[Abstract]:Overgrazing is the main cause of degradation in Horqin sandy land. Forbidding grazing enclosure can effectively control livestock damage to vegetation-soil system and promote the effective restoration of degraded ecosystem. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties of desertification grassland after 13 years of forbidding grazing were investigated, and the effects of enclosure on soil carbon sequestration potential were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) after 13 years of closure of desertification grassland, the content of sand and clay in soil decreased, and the content of silt and clay increased most obviously. The average content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium increased by 102% and 24%, respectively, but the available phosphorus and slow available potassium decreased. (3) except for available iron, the average contents of available trace elements, including available copper, available manganese and available zinc, increased by 44% and 82%, respectively. (4) soil organic matter and pH value. Cationic exchange capacity, total nitrogen, available potassium, available copper, available manganese and available zinc were positively correlated. (5) the soil organic carbon storage increased by 393.45 g m-2 and the carbon sequestration rate was 30.27 g cm ~ (-2) a ~ (-1). For the severely degraded grassland caused by continuous overgrazing, forbidding grazing enclosure can effectively promote the increase of soil organic matter, nutrients and trace elements, and affect the changes of soil texture and carbon sequestration potential, etc. However, the restoration of degraded desertification grassland needs a long-term process, and it takes at least a hundred years for the soil organic carbon reserves to recover to Horqin non-desertification grassland level.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站;中国科学院大学;华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院/上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31640012,41271007) 中国科学院“百人计划”项目(Y551821)
【分类号】：S812
本文编号：2125921
[Abstract]:Overgrazing is the main cause of degradation in Horqin sandy land. Forbidding grazing enclosure can effectively control livestock damage to vegetation-soil system and promote the effective restoration of degraded ecosystem. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties of desertification grassland after 13 years of forbidding grazing were investigated, and the effects of enclosure on soil carbon sequestration potential were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) after 13 years of closure of desertification grassland, the content of sand and clay in soil decreased, and the content of silt and clay increased most obviously. The average content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium increased by 102% and 24%, respectively, but the available phosphorus and slow available potassium decreased. (3) except for available iron, the average contents of available trace elements, including available copper, available manganese and available zinc, increased by 44% and 82%, respectively. (4) soil organic matter and pH value. Cationic exchange capacity, total nitrogen, available potassium, available copper, available manganese and available zinc were positively correlated. (5) the soil organic carbon storage increased by 393.45 g m-2 and the carbon sequestration rate was 30.27 g cm ~ (-2) a ~ (-1). For the severely degraded grassland caused by continuous overgrazing, forbidding grazing enclosure can effectively promote the increase of soil organic matter, nutrients and trace elements, and affect the changes of soil texture and carbon sequestration potential, etc. However, the restoration of degraded desertification grassland needs a long-term process, and it takes at least a hundred years for the soil organic carbon reserves to recover to Horqin non-desertification grassland level.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站;中国科学院大学;华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院/上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31640012,41271007) 中国科学院“百人计划”项目(Y551821)
【分类号】：S812
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