培育方式对羔羊生长发育和肝脏基因表达的影响
发布时间：2018-07-18 15:25
【摘要】：本文以双胞胎羔羊为试验动物研究培育方式对羔羊生长发育和相关基因表达的影响。选取24对双胞胎湖羊公羔羊,采用配对试验设计,将每对双胞胎羔羊分成两组,一组为试验组,实行人工哺育代乳品(AR,artificially reared);另一组为对照组,进行随母哺乳(ER,ewe reared),每组24只羔羊。羔羊出生后,每隔10天于晨饲前进行称重、采血。羔羊在45~55日龄和75~85日龄随机选取4对双胞胎羔羊采用全收粪尿法进行消化代谢试验。羔羊在60和90日龄时,分别随机选取3对双胞胎羔羊进行屠宰。采用基因芯片技术和生物信息学的方法分析肝脏组织的差异表达基因。试验一,培育方式对双胞胎湖羊羔羊生长发育、营养物质利用率和血清学指标的影响。结果显示,在20、30、40日龄时,AR组羔羊的体重显著低于ER组(P0.05),但差异在逐渐减小,到50日龄以后差异不显著(P0.05)。AR组羔羊的平均日增重在10~20日龄段显著低于ER组(P0.05),在40~50日龄段显著高于ER组(P0.05),其他时段差异不显著,全期的平均日增重差异亦不显著(P0.05)。对消化器官发育的影响:在60日龄时,AR组羔羊的瘤胃占复胃总重的比例显著高于ER组(P0.05),而瓣胃和皱胃占复胃总重的比例显著低于ER组(P0.05);在90日龄时,两组羔羊各胃室鲜重以及占复胃总重的比例均无显著性差异(P0.05),但AR组羔羊瘤胃的鲜重比ER组高。AR组羔羊的小肠占宰前活重的比例显著高于ER组(P0.05)。代乳品对羔羊内脏器官重量的影响差异不显著(P0.05);对干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、能量(E)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)等营养物质的表观消化率均无显著影响(P0.05);对总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLOB)、血中尿素氮(BUN)、胆固醇(CHOL)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(GLU)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)等血清生化指标以及Ig G、Ig M、Ig A等血清免疫指标的影响不明显(P0.05),AR组与ER组羔羊在不同时期的血清学指标呈现出相似的变化规律。试验二,培育方式对双胞胎湖羊羔羊肝脏基因表达的影响。通过基因芯片分析发现了因培育方式不同引起的差异表达基因。AR组和ER组的差异表达基因在60日龄和90日龄都发生改变的基因有7个,它们是OR1E2、S1PR3、KMO、APOA4、ORM2、HTR4和FADS1;60日龄和90日龄的差异表达基因在AR组和ER组中表达也发生变化的基因有20个,它们是ACO1、HBA1、MFSD2A、CYSJ、LOC785954、FCN、GRB2、LOC100037663、ORM2、RXRG、LOC100602447、SQLE、HSD17B2、CYP4F2、INHBE、EAAT2,其中有4个未知基因,探针号为14780690、14815720、14845504、14854080;在不同日龄和不同处理中,表达均发生改变的基因是ORM2。GO功能显著性富集分析发现,这些差异表达基因主要参与氨基酸、小分子化合物和有机酸代谢的生物过程、酶活性反应生物过程和免疫反应过程。Pathway途径显著性分析发现,这些差异表达基因主要参与氨基酸代谢、脂类代谢、激素合成和p53信号转导途径。总体结论,人工饲喂代乳粉的培育方式能够达到与母乳哺育羔羊相同的培育效果。不同的培育方式导致肝脏的基因表达发生了改变,发现了肝脏的差异表达基因。通过这些差异表达基因所参与的生物学过程及其发挥的生物学功能,初步探讨了羔羊早期生长发育的营养调控作用,为揭示羔羊早期培育的分子机理奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The effects of the twin lambs on the growth and gene expression of lambs were studied in this study. 24 pairs of twin lambs were selected to divide the twin lambs into two groups, one group was the experimental group and the AR (artificially reared) was carried out. The other group was the control group. ER, ewe reared, each group of 24 lambs. After birth, the lambs were weighed and collected every 10 days before the morning feeding. The lambs randomly selected 4 pairs of twin lambs at 45~55 days and 75~85 days to carry out the digestion and metabolism test by full dung urine. The lamb was slaughtered at 60 and 90 days of age. The gene chip technology and bioinformatics method were used to analyze the differential expression genes of liver tissue. Experiment 1, the effects of cultivation methods on the growth and development, nutrient utilization ratio and serological index of the twin lambs were studied. The results showed that the weight of the AR lambs was significantly lower than that of the ER group (P0.05) at the age of 20,30,40, but the difference was gradually reduced. The average daily weight gain of lambs in group.AR was significantly lower than that of group ER (P0.05) in 10~20 days of age after 50 days of age (P0.05), and at the age of 40~50 was significantly higher than that in group ER (P0.05). The difference in other periods was not significant, and the difference in average daily weight gain was not significant (P0.05). The effects on the development of digestive organs: at the age of 60 days, the tumor of AR group lambs The proportion of the stomach to the total weight of the stomach was significantly higher than that in the ER group (P0.05), while the proportion of the omasum and the abomasum to the total weight of the stomach was significantly lower than that of the ER group (P0.05). At 90 days of age, there was no significant difference in the fresh weight of the gastric chamber and the total weight of the stomach in the two groups of lambs (P0.05), but the fresh weight of the rumen in the AR group was higher than that of the ER group and the small intestine of the group of the.AR lambs occupied the live weight before the slaughter. The difference was significantly higher than that in the ER group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the weight of the visceral organs of the Lambs (P0.05); the apparent digestibility of the nutrients (DM), organic matter (OM), energy (E), crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and other nutrients were not significantly affected (TP), albumin, globulin, and blood urine. Serum biochemical indexes such as BUN, cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), glucose (GLU), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and serum Ig G, Ig M, Ig A and other serum immune indexes were not obvious (P0.05). By gene chip analysis, we found that the differentially expressed genes in.AR and ER groups of different expression genes,.AR and ER, were changed at 60 days and 90 days of age. They were OR1E2, S1PR3, KMO, APOA4, ORM2, HTR4 and FADS1, and the differentially expressed genes of 60 days and 90 days of age were in AR group and E. There are 20 genes that also change in group R, they are ACO1, HBA1, MFSD2A, CYSJ, LOC785954, FCN, GRB2, LOC100037663, ORM2, RXRG, there are 4 unknown genes. Because of the significant enrichment analysis of ORM2.GO function, these differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in amino acids, small molecular compounds and biological processes of organic acid metabolism, enzyme activity biological processes and.Pathway pathway significance analysis of immunoreaction process. These differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and excitation. Synthetic and p53 signal transduction pathways. Overall conclusion, artificial feeding of milk powder can achieve the same cultivation effect as breastfeeding lamb. Different breeding methods lead to the changes in gene expression in the liver and the differential expression genes of the liver. Its biological function has preliminarily discussed the nutritional regulation function of lamb's early growth and development, and laid a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of early lamb breeding.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826
本文编号：2132330
[Abstract]:The effects of the twin lambs on the growth and gene expression of lambs were studied in this study. 24 pairs of twin lambs were selected to divide the twin lambs into two groups, one group was the experimental group and the AR (artificially reared) was carried out. The other group was the control group. ER, ewe reared, each group of 24 lambs. After birth, the lambs were weighed and collected every 10 days before the morning feeding. The lambs randomly selected 4 pairs of twin lambs at 45~55 days and 75~85 days to carry out the digestion and metabolism test by full dung urine. The lamb was slaughtered at 60 and 90 days of age. The gene chip technology and bioinformatics method were used to analyze the differential expression genes of liver tissue. Experiment 1, the effects of cultivation methods on the growth and development, nutrient utilization ratio and serological index of the twin lambs were studied. The results showed that the weight of the AR lambs was significantly lower than that of the ER group (P0.05) at the age of 20,30,40, but the difference was gradually reduced. The average daily weight gain of lambs in group.AR was significantly lower than that of group ER (P0.05) in 10~20 days of age after 50 days of age (P0.05), and at the age of 40~50 was significantly higher than that in group ER (P0.05). The difference in other periods was not significant, and the difference in average daily weight gain was not significant (P0.05). The effects on the development of digestive organs: at the age of 60 days, the tumor of AR group lambs The proportion of the stomach to the total weight of the stomach was significantly higher than that in the ER group (P0.05), while the proportion of the omasum and the abomasum to the total weight of the stomach was significantly lower than that of the ER group (P0.05). At 90 days of age, there was no significant difference in the fresh weight of the gastric chamber and the total weight of the stomach in the two groups of lambs (P0.05), but the fresh weight of the rumen in the AR group was higher than that of the ER group and the small intestine of the group of the.AR lambs occupied the live weight before the slaughter. The difference was significantly higher than that in the ER group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the weight of the visceral organs of the Lambs (P0.05); the apparent digestibility of the nutrients (DM), organic matter (OM), energy (E), crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and other nutrients were not significantly affected (TP), albumin, globulin, and blood urine. Serum biochemical indexes such as BUN, cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), glucose (GLU), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and serum Ig G, Ig M, Ig A and other serum immune indexes were not obvious (P0.05). By gene chip analysis, we found that the differentially expressed genes in.AR and ER groups of different expression genes,.AR and ER, were changed at 60 days and 90 days of age. They were OR1E2, S1PR3, KMO, APOA4, ORM2, HTR4 and FADS1, and the differentially expressed genes of 60 days and 90 days of age were in AR group and E. There are 20 genes that also change in group R, they are ACO1, HBA1, MFSD2A, CYSJ, LOC785954, FCN, GRB2, LOC100037663, ORM2, RXRG, there are 4 unknown genes. Because of the significant enrichment analysis of ORM2.GO function, these differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in amino acids, small molecular compounds and biological processes of organic acid metabolism, enzyme activity biological processes and.Pathway pathway significance analysis of immunoreaction process. These differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and excitation. Synthetic and p53 signal transduction pathways. Overall conclusion, artificial feeding of milk powder can achieve the same cultivation effect as breastfeeding lamb. Different breeding methods lead to the changes in gene expression in the liver and the differential expression genes of the liver. Its biological function has preliminarily discussed the nutritional regulation function of lamb's early growth and development, and laid a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of early lamb breeding.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826
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