放牧强度对环青海湖地区高寒草原土壤微生物群落碳代谢特征的影响

发布时间：2018-07-24 18:21

【摘要】：为了解青藏高原环青海湖地区放牧对土壤微生物群落碳代谢特征的影响,于2010年在青海省刚察县(N37°21′10″,E100°4′49″)高寒草原,设置围栏封育的禁牧对照组(CK)和牧草利用率分别为30%(G3)、40%(G4)、50%(G5)、60%(G6)和70%(G7)的5个放牧强度控制处理实验,于2014年7月采集土壤样品,运用Biolog-ECO微平板技术分析环湖地区土壤微生物群落碳源代谢特征的分布特征和变化规律.结果显示:(1)研究区域的土壤微生物主要利用碳源类型为氨基酸类和碳水化合物类;(2)放牧处理下土壤微生物群落主要碳源利用类型与利用率相似,与禁牧组显著不同;(3)禁牧和G4处理下土壤微生物的Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Mc Intosh指数显著高于G3和G6、G7草原,与土壤有机碳和全氮含量变化规律相似.以上研究结果表明,放牧活动能显著影响环青海湖地区高寒草原土壤微生物群落代谢特征,禁牧和中度放牧(G4)有利于维持较高的土壤微生物群落多样性.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effect of grazing on the carbon metabolism characteristics of soil microbial communities in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the alpine grassland of Gangcha County, Qinghai Province (N37 掳2110 "E100 掳4N49") was used in 2010. Five grazing intensity control experiments with (CK) and forage utilization ratio of 30% (G3) 40% (G4) 50% (G5) and 70% (G7) of forage control group were carried out respectively. Soil samples were collected in July 2014. Biolog-ECO microplate technique was used to analyze the distribution and variation of the carbon source metabolism characteristics of soil microbial communities around the lake. The results showed that: (1) the main carbon source types of soil microorganisms in the study area were amino acids and carbohydrates; (2) the main carbon source utilization types and utilization rates of soil microbial communities under grazing treatment were similar. (3) the Shannon-Wiener index and Mc Intosh index of soil microorganism under forbidding grazing and G4 treatments were significantly higher than those of G3 and G6G7 steppe, and were similar to those of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content. The results showed that grazing activities could significantly affect the metabolic characteristics of soil microbial communities in the alpine steppe around Qinghai Lake, and no grazing and moderate grazing (G4) were beneficial to maintain high diversity of soil microbial communities.
【作者单位】：中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应与进化重点实验室;中国科学院大学;青海省畜牧兽医科学院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD13B01,2014BAC05B04) 青海省科技项目(2014-NS-112)资助~~
【分类号】：S812.2

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