放牧绵羊补饲复合预混料应用效果研究
发布时间：2018-07-31 14:09
【摘要】：目的:通过众多研究发现,微量元素和维生素对于畜禽生长发育、繁殖性能、生产性能都有十分重要的作用。目前,我国养羊业仍处在转型阶段,由较为古板的传统型逐步转变为现代化程度较高的集约型养殖,微量元素和维生素在绵羊生产中的应用也随之提高。维生素添加剂在目前的草食家畜的饲料添加剂研究中位于次要地位,微量元素添加剂处于主要地位,饲料生产中补充多种维生素的主要目的是为了进一步改善动物的免疫功能,能够加强动物生长发育并改善提高畜产品品质和产量。有相关研究表明,微量元素对于动物体内的维生素平衡有重要影响,因此复合预混料中应适量添加微量元素和维生素添加剂,对动物生产有着积极的作用。方法:本实验通过饲喂试验、屠宰试验以及实验室中的样本分析,对放牧绵羊补饲应用复合预混料后的生长性能、免疫性能及肉品质进行了研究,通过对生长性能、免疫性能以及肉品质的分析确定复合预混料的应用效果,为伊犁地区提供符合放牧绵羊营养需要的复合预混料提供科学依据。通过对绵羊采食量与绵羊营养需要进行分析,得出绵羊需要补充的矿物质元素和维生素的量,设计合理的复合预混料,在伊犁地区进行动物生产试验,通过试验结果记录和分析放牧绵羊的生产性能,饲喂试验结束后采集样品,包括血样以及肉样,测定血清中的各项生理生化指标并分析补饲复合预混料对绵羊免疫性能的影响,通过对肉品质的分析,研究补饲复合预混料对绵羊肉品质是否有所改善。结果:试验一,实验结果表明,补饲复合预混料增重效果明显,试验1组比对照组体重增加了13.5%(P0.01);试验2组比对照组体重增加了23.76%(P0.01);试验2组与试验1组相比,差异极显著(P0.01);屠宰指标方面,试验1组与对照组体重比对照组增加了9.67%(P0.05),试验2组与对照组增加了26.29%,试验2组与试验1组增长了为15.16%。胴体重明显有升高趋势,对照组1胴体重比对照组高23.46%(P0.05),试验2组比对照组提高45.85%(P0.05),试验2组比试验1组提高了18.13%(P0.05);屠宰率对比看出,试验1组屠宰率比对照组高4.83%(P0.05),试验2组比对照组高对照组5.99%(P0.05),试验1组与试验2组对比差异不显著(P0.05)。试验二,试验1组与对照组在血钙含量对比钙含量提高了82.76%(P0.01),试验2组与对照组钙含量提高了286.21%(P0.01),比较试验2组与试验1组发现差异极显著(P0.01),钙含量明显提高,比试验1组增加了0.59 mmol/L。对比血磷含量,试验1组与对照组相比较差异不显著(P0.05);试验2组与对照组血清中磷含量增长了53.93%(P0.01),试验2组对比试验1组增长了25.69%(P0.05)。对照组血糖浓度试验1组与对照组相比浓度提高了54.5%(P0.01);试验2组对比对照组增加了82.39%,差异显著(P0.01),试验2组与试验1组对比发现增长了18%,差异显著(P0.05);对比发现免疫球蛋白G对照组与试验1组差异不显著(P0.05),对照组与试验2组相比较差异显著(P0.05),试验1组与试验2组在此指标方面对比差异显著(P0.05);试验组与对照组比较;对照组与试验组相比较,血液中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶差异不显著(P0.05)。试验三,粗脂肪含量对比试验1组对比发现差异不显著(P0.05),试验2组与对照组对比差异显著(P0.05),试验2组与试验1组相比较差异显著(P0.05);对比粗蛋白含量发现,试验1组与对照组相比较差异显著(P0.05),试验2组与对照组对比差异显著(P0.05),试验1组与试验2组对比差异不显著(P0.05)。剪切力对比发现羊肉嫩度有所提高,试验2组与试验1组对比差异不显著,试验1组与对照组对比差异不显著(P0.05),试验2组与对照组对比差异极显著(P0.01)。结论:1.补饲复合预混料可以显著改善放牧绵羊的生产性能和屠宰性能,提高放牧绵羊的生产力;2.补饲复合预混料能够提高放牧绵羊的免疫性能,提高其抗病能力,改善绵羊的生理状况;3.放牧绵羊的肉品质在补饲复合预混料后有显著的营养成分和嫩度的改变,肉品质得到改善。
[Abstract]:Objective: through numerous studies, it has been found that trace elements and vitamins have a very important role in the growth, development, reproductive performance and production performance of livestock and poultry. At present, the sheep industry in China is still in the transitional stage and is gradually transformed from a more ancient traditional type to a highly modernized intensive culture, and the trace elements and vitamins are produced in sheep. The application of vitamin additives is in the secondary position in the study of feed additives for present herbivorous livestock. Microelement additives are in the main position. The main purpose of supplementing various vitamins in feed production is to further improve the immune function of animals and to enhance and improve the growth and development of animals. The quality and yield of animal products. Related studies have shown that trace elements have an important effect on vitamin balance in animals. Therefore, the addition of trace elements and vitamin additives should be added to the compound premixture, and it has a positive effect on animal production. The growth performance, immune performance and meat quality of grazing sheep were studied. The application effect of compound premix was determined by the analysis of growth performance, immune performance and meat quality, which provided a scientific basis for the Yili area to provide the compound premixture suitable for the nutritional needs of grazing sheep. Sheep feed intake and sheep nutrition needs to be analyzed to obtain the amount of mineral elements and vitamins needed to be supplemented by sheep, to design reasonable compound premix, to carry out animal production tests in Yili, to record and analyze the production performance of grazing sheep through experimental results, and to collect samples, including blood samples and meat after the end of the feeding test. The physiological and biochemical indexes in the serum were measured and the effects of the compound premix on the immune performance of sheep were analyzed. Through the analysis of the meat quality, the quality of the sheep meat was improved. The results showed that the effect of the supplemental compound premix was obvious, and the 1 groups were compared with the control group. The weight increased by 13.5% (P0.01); the test 2 groups increased 23.76% (P0.01) more than the control group; the 2 groups were significantly different from the 1 groups (P0.01), and the body weight of the 1 group and the control group increased by 9.67% (P0.05), the test 2 and the control group increased by 26.29%, and the experiment 2 and the experimental group 1 increased to 15.16%. carcass. The weight of the 1 carcass in the control group was 23.46% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 45.85% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 18.13% (P0.05) higher than the 1 group, and the slaughter rate compared with the control group was 4.83% (P0.05) higher than the control group (P0.05), and the experiment 2 group was higher than the control group (P0.05), the experiment 1 group and experimental 2 The contrast difference was not significant (P0.05). Test two, the calcium content in the blood calcium content was increased by 82.76% (P0.01) in the test group and the control group. The calcium content in the 2 group and the control group was increased by 286.21% (P0.01). The comparison test between the 2 groups and the 1 groups showed significant difference (P0.01), the calcium content was significantly increased, and the blood phosphorus was increased by 0.59 mmol/L. compared with the test 1, and the blood phosphorus was compared with the test group. There was no significant difference between the 1 groups in the test group and the control group (P0.05); the levels of phosphorus in the serum of the 2 groups and the control group increased by 53.93% (P0.01), and the 1 groups in the 2 groups were increased by 25.69% (P0.05). The concentration of blood glucose concentration test 1 in the control group increased by 54.5% (P0.01) compared with the control group; the test 2 group increased 82.39% compared with the control group, and the difference was 82.39%. Significant (P0.01), the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was found to increase by 18%, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The contrast found that the immunoglobulin G control group was not significantly different from the test group (P0.05), the control group and the test 2 groups were significantly different (P0.05), the comparison of the 1 groups and the test 2 groups was significant (P0.05); the test group and the control group were compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the difference of glutamic alanine transaminase and glutamic aminotransferase in the blood was not significant (P0.05). Test three, the comparison between the 1 groups of the crude fat content test showed no significant difference (P0.05), the 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the difference between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was significant (P0.05). There was a significant difference between the 1 groups and the control group (P0.05). The comparison of the 2 groups was significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the comparison difference between the 1 groups and the 2 groups was not significant (P0.05). The shear force contrast found that the tenderness of the mutton meat was improved, the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was not significant, and the difference was not significant (P0.05) between the 1 groups and the control groups. The 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.01). Conclusion: 1. supplemental compound premixture can significantly improve the production performance and slaughter performance of grazing sheep and improve the productivity of grazing sheep; 2. supplemental compound premixture can improve the immune performance of grazing sheep, improve its disease resistance, improve the physiological status of sheep, and 3. grazing sheep. The meat quality of sheep had significant changes in nutritional components and tenderness after supplementation of compound premix, and meat quality was improved.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826.5
[Abstract]:Objective: through numerous studies, it has been found that trace elements and vitamins have a very important role in the growth, development, reproductive performance and production performance of livestock and poultry. At present, the sheep industry in China is still in the transitional stage and is gradually transformed from a more ancient traditional type to a highly modernized intensive culture, and the trace elements and vitamins are produced in sheep. The application of vitamin additives is in the secondary position in the study of feed additives for present herbivorous livestock. Microelement additives are in the main position. The main purpose of supplementing various vitamins in feed production is to further improve the immune function of animals and to enhance and improve the growth and development of animals. The quality and yield of animal products. Related studies have shown that trace elements have an important effect on vitamin balance in animals. Therefore, the addition of trace elements and vitamin additives should be added to the compound premixture, and it has a positive effect on animal production. The growth performance, immune performance and meat quality of grazing sheep were studied. The application effect of compound premix was determined by the analysis of growth performance, immune performance and meat quality, which provided a scientific basis for the Yili area to provide the compound premixture suitable for the nutritional needs of grazing sheep. Sheep feed intake and sheep nutrition needs to be analyzed to obtain the amount of mineral elements and vitamins needed to be supplemented by sheep, to design reasonable compound premix, to carry out animal production tests in Yili, to record and analyze the production performance of grazing sheep through experimental results, and to collect samples, including blood samples and meat after the end of the feeding test. The physiological and biochemical indexes in the serum were measured and the effects of the compound premix on the immune performance of sheep were analyzed. Through the analysis of the meat quality, the quality of the sheep meat was improved. The results showed that the effect of the supplemental compound premix was obvious, and the 1 groups were compared with the control group. The weight increased by 13.5% (P0.01); the test 2 groups increased 23.76% (P0.01) more than the control group; the 2 groups were significantly different from the 1 groups (P0.01), and the body weight of the 1 group and the control group increased by 9.67% (P0.05), the test 2 and the control group increased by 26.29%, and the experiment 2 and the experimental group 1 increased to 15.16%. carcass. The weight of the 1 carcass in the control group was 23.46% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 45.85% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 18.13% (P0.05) higher than the 1 group, and the slaughter rate compared with the control group was 4.83% (P0.05) higher than the control group (P0.05), and the experiment 2 group was higher than the control group (P0.05), the experiment 1 group and experimental 2 The contrast difference was not significant (P0.05). Test two, the calcium content in the blood calcium content was increased by 82.76% (P0.01) in the test group and the control group. The calcium content in the 2 group and the control group was increased by 286.21% (P0.01). The comparison test between the 2 groups and the 1 groups showed significant difference (P0.01), the calcium content was significantly increased, and the blood phosphorus was increased by 0.59 mmol/L. compared with the test 1, and the blood phosphorus was compared with the test group. There was no significant difference between the 1 groups in the test group and the control group (P0.05); the levels of phosphorus in the serum of the 2 groups and the control group increased by 53.93% (P0.01), and the 1 groups in the 2 groups were increased by 25.69% (P0.05). The concentration of blood glucose concentration test 1 in the control group increased by 54.5% (P0.01) compared with the control group; the test 2 group increased 82.39% compared with the control group, and the difference was 82.39%. Significant (P0.01), the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was found to increase by 18%, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The contrast found that the immunoglobulin G control group was not significantly different from the test group (P0.05), the control group and the test 2 groups were significantly different (P0.05), the comparison of the 1 groups and the test 2 groups was significant (P0.05); the test group and the control group were compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the difference of glutamic alanine transaminase and glutamic aminotransferase in the blood was not significant (P0.05). Test three, the comparison between the 1 groups of the crude fat content test showed no significant difference (P0.05), the 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the difference between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was significant (P0.05). There was a significant difference between the 1 groups and the control group (P0.05). The comparison of the 2 groups was significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the comparison difference between the 1 groups and the 2 groups was not significant (P0.05). The shear force contrast found that the tenderness of the mutton meat was improved, the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was not significant, and the difference was not significant (P0.05) between the 1 groups and the control groups. The 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.01). Conclusion: 1. supplemental compound premixture can significantly improve the production performance and slaughter performance of grazing sheep and improve the productivity of grazing sheep; 2. supplemental compound premixture can improve the immune performance of grazing sheep, improve its disease resistance, improve the physiological status of sheep, and 3. grazing sheep. The meat quality of sheep had significant changes in nutritional components and tenderness after supplementation of compound premix, and meat quality was improved.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826.5
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