不同坡度和前期土壤含水率下裸地和草地的降雨产流试验分析

发布时间：2018-08-18 08:17

【摘要】：坡度和前期土壤含水率是降雨产流过程的重要影响因素。为探讨其对降雨产流过程的影响,采用人工降雨模拟试验,对太行山前平原区不同坡度和前期土壤含水率下草地和裸地降雨产流过程进行了研究。结果表明:(1)草地和裸地的径流量均随坡度和前期土壤含水率的增加而增大,且裸地在稳定阶段的产流量以及累积产流量均高于草地;同时,前期土壤含水率较高时,累积产流量与降雨历时呈现出分段函数的关系;(2)径流系数、产流滞时以及入渗率随坡度和前期土壤含水率的增加分别呈现出增大、减小和减小的趋势,且两影响因素对草地径流系数、产流滞时及入渗率的影响程度均强于裸地;(3)裸地和草地的入渗率均随坡度和前期土壤含水率的增加,其变化速率逐渐增大,且较其他入渗模型,Horton入渗模型可以很好地估算土壤入渗率以及入渗量。通过试验研究,以期为进一步探索太行山前平原区降雨产流规律提供参考。
[Abstract]:Slope and soil moisture content are important factors in the process of rainfall runoff. In order to study the effect of rainfall on runoff production, the rainfall runoff production process of grassland and bare land under different slope and soil moisture content in front of Taihang Mountain was studied by artificial rainfall simulation experiment. The results showed that: (1) the runoff of grassland and bare land increased with the increase of slope and soil moisture content, and the yield and accumulative yield of bare land were higher than that of grassland at the stable stage, and at the same time, when the soil moisture content was high in the earlier stage, the soil water content in the early stage was higher than that in the grassland. The relationship between cumulative runoff and rainfall duration was piecewise function. (2) runoff coefficient, runoff lag time and infiltration rate increased, decreased and decreased with the increase of slope and earlier soil moisture content, respectively. The effect of two factors on the runoff coefficient, runoff lag time and infiltration rate was stronger than that on bare land. (3) the infiltration rate of bare land and grassland increased with the increase of slope and soil moisture content, and the rate of change increased gradually. Compared with other infiltration models, Horton infiltration model can estimate soil infiltration rate and infiltration rate. Through the experimental study, it is expected to provide a reference for further exploring the regularity of rainfall production and runoff in the front plain of Taihang Mountain.
【作者单位】：东华大学环境科学与工程学院;中国水利水电科学研究院流域与水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室;华北水利水电大学黄河科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51409270,51609243) 水利部绩效评估试点项目(1232) 国家国际科技合作专项(2013DFG70990) 水体污染控制与治理课题(2015ZX07402003-2)资助
【分类号】：S152.7;S812.2

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