茭鸭共作人工湿地消纳养殖池塘富营养化水的初步研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 10:38

【摘要】：依托江苏省扬州市小纪镇水生蔬菜基地,设置4个处理:茭白(Zizania latifolia)单作人工湿地,不施肥(DF0);茭白单作人工湿地,当地农民习惯施肥量(DFC);茭鸭共作人工湿地,当地农民习惯施肥量(GFC);茭鸭共作人工湿地,50%当地农民习惯施肥量(GF50%C)。试验用水为试验地附近养鱼池塘水,分析各处理茭白田面水TN和TP以及土壤有机质和速效养分动态变化。结果表明:灌溉养殖池塘富营养化水7 d后DF0处理田面水TN和TP浓度平均降至峰值的21.27%和15.58%;施肥7 d后各施肥处理田面水TN和TP浓度平均降至峰值的8.21%和6.51%;减量施肥后,GF50%C处理田面水TN和TP去除率分别为82.81%和84.25%,与DF0处理之间无显著差异;减量施肥后,与DFC处理相比,GF50%C处理在维持茭白产量和经济效益的同时,可提高土壤有机质和土壤速效养分含量。就各茭鸭共作人工湿地处理而言,茭白整个生长期用养殖池塘富营养化水按约4 500 m~3·hm~(-2)进行灌溉,其输入的氮、磷量相当于83.55 kg尿素和46.50 kg过磷酸钙。可见,茭鸭共作人工湿地在消纳养殖池塘富营养化水体方面有较大潜力,在适当降低施肥量的前提下,可有效去除富营养化水体中氮、磷含量,提高土壤质量和经济效益。
[Abstract]:Relying on the aquatic vegetable base of Xiaoji Town, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, four treatments were set up: Zizania latifolia single constructed wetland without fertilization (DF0); Zizania latifolia single constructed wetland, local farmers habitual fertilization (DFC); duck and stubble constructed wetland, local farmers habitual fertilization (GFC); and duck constructed wetland, 50% of local farmers habitual fertilization. The results showed that the TN and TP concentrations in the surface water of DF0 treatment decreased to 21.27% and 15.58% of the peak value after 7 days of eutrophication, and the TN and TP concentrations in the surface water of each treatment decreased to 21.27% and 15.58% after 7 days of fertilization. The removal rates of TN and TP in surface water were 82.81% and 84.25% respectively after reducing fertilization, and there was no significant difference between GF50% C treatment and DF0 treatment. As far as the treatment of constructed wetland with each duck was concerned, the eutrophic water of the farming pond was irrigated by 4 500 m~3 (-2) during the whole growth period, and the input nitrogen and phosphorus were equivalent to 83.55 kg urea and 46.50 kg calcium superphosphate. The nitrogen and phosphorus contents in eutrophic water can be effectively removed and the soil quality and economic benefit can be improved by reducing fertilizer application.
【作者单位】：江苏省生态农业工程技术研究中心;江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所;扬州大学生物科学与技术学院;
【基金】：江苏省水产三新工程项目(Y2013-28) 江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2014360) 中央财政支农项目[TG(15)110]
【分类号】：S645.2;S834;X52

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