高效氯氟氰菊酯对西方蜜蜂生存能力及记忆相关特性的影响

发布时间：2018-08-25 18:31

【摘要】：【目的】本实验旨在明确3个低浓度高效氯氟氰菊酯对西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera生存能力与学习记忆的影响,为蜂群的健康养殖及深入研究蜜蜂发生蜂群崩溃失调病(colony collapse disorder,CCD)现象机理提供一定的理论参考。【方法】通过点滴法分别给刚羽化蜜蜂背部点滴不同剂量(1/2 LD_(50),1/4 LD_(50)和1/8 LD_(50))的高效氯氟氰菊酯(以点滴纯丙酮为溶剂对照),并进行笼养,记录各组蜜蜂每天死亡情况;药物处理后第7天,利用吻伸反应(proboscis extension response,PER)方法测定不同浓度高效氯氟氰菊酯对西方蜜蜂工蜂学习记忆能力的影响。将刚羽化的蜜蜂用不同剂量高效氯氟氰菊酯处理后放入原始蜂群,20 d后采集氯氟氰菊酯处理后的20日龄工蜂,对其定距离放飞归巢能力进行检测,采用实时定量PCR对记忆相关基因谷氨酸受体基因(GluRA)和N-甲基-D天冬氨酸受体基因(Nmdar1)的相对表达量进行检测。【结果】1/2 LD_(50)组工蜂的平均寿命显著低于1/4 LD_(50)组、1/8 LD_(50)组和对照组(P0.05),而后三者之间差异不显著(P0.05)。1/2LD_(50)组工蜂PER成功率也显著低于1/4 LD_(50)组、1/8 LD_(50)组和对照组(P0.05),后三者之间差异也不显著(P0.05)。1/8 LD_(50)组和对照组蜜蜂在1 000 m处的归巢率显著高于1/2 LD_(50)组和1/4LD_(50)组(P0.05),但1/2 LD_(50)组与1/4 LD_(50)组以及1/8 LD_(50)与对照组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。1/8 LD_(50)组和对照组工蜂的GluRA基因表达量显著高于1/2 LD_(50)组和1/4 LD_(50)组(P0.05),而且1/4 LD_(50)组工蜂的GluRA基因表达量也显著高于1/2 LD_(50)组(P0.05),但1/8 LD_(50)组与对照组工蜂的GluRA基因表达量差异不显著(P0.05);1/4 LD_(50)组、1/8 LD_(50)组和对照组工蜂的Nmdar1基因相对表达量均显著高于1/2 LD_(50)组(P0.05),但前三者之间差异不显著(P0.05)。【结论】高效氯氟氰菊酯对西方蜜蜂的生存能力和记忆行为特性具有一定的影响,这种农药的不合理使用可能影响着蜜蜂的健康养殖。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the effects of three low concentration and high efficiency cyhalothrin on Apis mellifera survival and learning and memory of honeybee. To provide some theoretical reference for healthy breeding of honeybee and the mechanism of honeybee (colony collapse disorder,CCD. [methods] different doses (1 / 2 LD_ (50) 1 / 4 LD_ (50) and 1 / 4 LD_ (50) were given to the back of newly emerging honeybee by drip. A 1 / 8 LD_ (50) high performance cypermethrin (as compared with a drop of pure acetone as a solvent control) and caged, On the 7th day after drug treatment, the effects of different concentrations of cypermethrin on the learning and memory ability of worker bees were measured by (proboscis extension response,PER. The newly emerging bees were treated with different doses of high efficiency cypermethrin and then put into the original colony for 20 days to collect the 20-day old worker bees treated with cyhalothrin. The ability of flying home to nest at fixed distance was measured. The relative expression of memory associated gene glutamate receptor gene (GluRA) and N-methyl-D aspartate receptor gene (Nmdar1) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. [results] the average lifespan of worker bees in 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group was significantly lower than that in 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group. There was no significant difference among the three groups (P0.05). The success rate of PER in the 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group was significantly lower than that in the 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group and the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the latter three groups (P0.05). 1 / 8 LD_ (50) group and the control group (P < 0.05). It was significantly higher than that in 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group and 1 / 4 LD50 group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in GluRA gene expression between 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group and 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group and 1 / 8 LD_ (50) group and control group (P0.05). 1 / 8 LD_ (50) group and control group were significantly higher than those in 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group and 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group (P0.05), and the 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group had significantly higher GluRA gene expression than those in the 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group and 1 / 4 LD_ (50) group (P0.05). GluRA gene expression was also significantly higher in 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group than in 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in GluRA gene expression between the 1 / 8 LD_ (50) group and the control group (P0.05). The Nmdar1 gene relative expression level in the 1 / 8 LD_ (50) group and the control group was significantly higher than that in the 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group (P0.05), but in the first three LD_ (50) group, the Nmdar1 gene relative expression level was significantly higher than that in the 1 / 2 LD_ (50) group (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). [conclusion] High efficiency cypermethrin has a certain effect on the survival ability and memory behavior of western honeybee. The improper use of this pesticide may affect the healthy breeding of bees.
【作者单位】：江西农业大学蜜蜂研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31060327) 国家蜂产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-45-kxj12)
【分类号】：S482.3;S89

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