槲皮素对蛋鸡生产性能、体内和体外抗氧化指标的影响

发布时间：2018-09-07 09:51

【摘要】：本试验通过体外试验和体内试验对槲皮素的抗氧化作用进行研究。体外试验以维生素C为阳性对照,分别从清除自由基、保护生物大分子及总还原力3方面综合评价槲皮素的体外抗氧化能力;体内试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将240只健康、体重和产蛋率相近的37周龄海赛蛋鸡随机分4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验I、II、III组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.02%、0.04%、0.06%槲皮素,研究槲皮素对海赛蛋鸡抗氧化指标和生产性能的影响,同时探讨槲皮素作为饲粮添加剂的最适添加量。1.槲皮素对自由基的清除作用分别采用邻苯三酚自氧化法、水杨酸法和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)法探讨槲皮素对超氧阴离子、羟自由基和DPPH的清除作用,结果发现,槲皮素对O2-清除作用随浓度增加先升高后降低(P0.01),40 mg/L清除率最大(31.93%),但清除作用小于维生素C;槲皮素对·OH清除作用也随浓度的增加先升高再降低(P0.01),300 mg/L清除率最大(61.79%),IC50=218.4 mg/L;槲皮素对DPPH清除作用随浓度增加不断升高,IC50=1.47 mg/L,清除·OH和DPPH作用均在低浓度时大于维生素C,高浓度时小于维生素C,槲皮素对3种自由基的清除作用为DPPH·OHO2-。2.槲皮素对卵黄脂蛋白过氧化的抑制作用采用Fe2+诱发卵黄脂蛋白多不饱和脂肪酸体系研究槲皮素对卵黄脂蛋白过氧化的抑制作用,结果发现,槲皮素对卵黄脂蛋白过氧化的抑制作用随浓度升高不断增大(P0.01),IC50=11.89 mg/L,对脂质过氧化的抑制作用高于维生素C。3.槲皮素对红细胞溶血和线粒体肿胀的抑制作用分别采用H2O2诱导红细胞溶血,VC-Fe2+诱导线粒体膨胀体系研究槲皮素对红细胞和线粒体的保护作用,结果发现,槲皮素在0.05~1.25 mg/L时对红细胞溶血抑制作用随浓度的升高极显著增加(P0.01),但浓度过高时(31.25 mg/L)抑制作用反而下降,IC50=0.16 mg/L,对红细胞溶血抑制作用强于维生素C;槲皮素对线粒体膨胀抑制作用随浓度增加不断增大,根据60 min时线粒体的膨胀程度可知,试验组线粒体的完整程度极显著高于模型组(P0.01)。4.槲皮素的总还原力采用普鲁士蓝法对槲皮素总还原力进行测定,结果表明,槲皮素总还原力随浓度增加而增大(P0.01),经计算浓度(x)与还原力(y)的关系为y=-0.0001x2+0.0263x+0.0391,R2=0.9992;根据回归方程可知,槲皮素的总还原力小于维生素C。5.槲皮素对蛋鸡抗氧化指标的影响体内试验结果表明,与对照组相比,3水平槲皮素组蛋鸡血清总抗氧化能力均极显著升高(P0.01);0.04%槲皮素组血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著升高(P0.01),0.06%槲皮素组血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P0.05);3水平槲皮素组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P0.05,P0.01,P0.05)。6.槲皮素对蛋鸡生产性能的影响同对照组相比,0.02%和0.04%槲皮素组产蛋率分别极显著提高4.96%和8.11%(P0.01),料蛋比分别显著下降6.55%和11.72%(P0.05,P0.01)。综上所述,槲皮素在一定浓度范围内具有较强的抗氧化作用,且可以提高37~45周龄蛋鸡的抗氧化能力和生产性能,槲皮素用于提高蛋鸡生产性能的最适添加量为0.04%。
[Abstract]:The antioxidant activity of quercetin was studied in vitro and in vivo. Vitamin C was used as the positive control in vitro to evaluate the antioxidant activity of quercetin in vitro from scavenging free radicals, protecting biological macromolecules and total reducing power. In vivo, the single factor complete randomized trial design was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of quercetin. Healthy 37-week-old Haisai layers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate. The control group was fed with corn-soybean meal basal diet. The experimental group I, II and III were fed with 0.02%, 0.04% and 0.06% quercetin respectively in the basal diet. The scavenging effects of quercetin on free radicals were studied by pyrogallol autoxidation, salicylic acid and 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) methods. The scavenging effects of quercetin on superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals and DPPH were investigated. The scavenging effect of quercetin on O2 - increased first and then decreased with the increase of concentration (P 0.01). The scavenging effect of quercetin on DPPH was the highest (31.93%) at 40 mg/L, but less than that of vitamin C. The scavenging effect of quercetin on OH increased first and then decreased with the increase of concentration (P 0.01). The scavenging effect of quercetin on DPPH was the highest (61.79%) at 300 mg/L and IC50 = 218.4 mg/L at 300 mg/L. IC50 = 1.47 mg/L, clearance of OH and DPPH were higher than that of vitamin C at low concentration and lower than that of vitamin C at high concentration. The scavenging effect of quercetin on three free radicals was DPPH OHO2 -.2. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on yolk lipoprotein peroxidation was studied by Fe2+ induced yolk lipoprotein polyunsaturated fatty acid system. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on the peroxidation of yolk lipoprotein was found to be increasing with the increase of concentration (P 0.01), IC50 = 11.89 mg/L. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on lipid peroxidation was higher than that of vitamin C.3. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on red blood cell hemolysis and mitochondrial swelling induced by H2O2 respectively. The protective effects of quercetin on erythrocyte and mitochondria were studied by cytolysis and mitochondrial dilatation induced by VC-Fe2+. The results showed that the inhibition of quercetin on erythrocyte hemolysis increased significantly with the increase of concentration (P 0.01), but the inhibition decreased when the concentration was too high (31.25 mg/L), and the IC50 = 0.16 mg/L. The inhibitory effect of quercetin on mitochondrial swelling was stronger than that of vitamin C, and the inhibitory effect of quercetin on mitochondrial swelling increased with the increase of concentration. According to the degree of mitochondrial swelling at 60 min, the mitochondrial integrity of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the model group (P 0.01). 4. The total reducing power of quercetin was determined by Prussian blue method. The results showed that the total reducing power of quercetin increased with the increase of the concentration (P 0.01), and the relationship between the calculated concentration (x) and the reducing power (y) was y = - 0.0001x2 + 0.0263x + 0.0391, R2 = 0.9992. According to the regression equation, the total reducing power of quercetin was less than that of vitamin C.5. The total antioxidant capacity of serum in quercetin group was significantly increased (P 0.01), the content of malondialdehyde (P 0.05), the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (P 0.01), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in quercetin group was significantly increased (P 0.05) at 0.04% and 0.06% respectively. The effect of quercetin on the performance of laying hens was significantly increased by 4.96% and 8.11% in 0.02% and 0.04% quercetin groups, respectively (P 0.01), and the feed-egg ratio decreased by 6.55% and 11.72% respectively (P 0.05, P 0.01). It has strong antioxidant effect in the periphery and can improve the antioxidant ability and production performance of 37-45 weeks old laying hens. The optimum addition of quercetin to improve the production performance of laying hens is 0.04%.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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