猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、猪蓝耳病疫苗不同组合免疫效果的对比研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 12:36

【摘要】：口蹄疫(FMD),猪瘟(CSF)和高致病性蓝耳病(HP-PRRS)是猪的三种重大疾病,农业部将其三种猪传染病列为强制免疫病种,为保证三种疫苗的免疫效果,各地猪场均采取三种疫苗分别多次注射的免疫程序,这不仅增加了防疫人员的劳动力,还增加了疫苗免疫与猪群的免疫应激,影响其生产性能,因此三种疫苗是否可以同时免疫,一直是养猪业长期关注和期待的免疫技术问题。为检测和观察三种疫苗联合免疫仔猪后对其三种免疫抗体效价、仔猪副反应、日增重及成活率的影响,本研究选择某规模化猪场21-30日龄仔猪150头,分为五个组,即A组(FMD、CSF、HP-PRRS三种疫苗分批单独免疫)、B组(CSF+PRRS同时免疫)、C组(CSF+FMD同时免疫)、D组(FMD+PRRS同时免疫)、E组(CSF+FMD+PRRS同时免疫),30日龄首免,30天后二免。在首免后30天,二免后30、60、90天分别采用正向间接血凝试验(IHA)检测血清中CSF和FMD抗体,ELISA检测血清中PRRS抗体,并对各组免疫仔猪首免之前和每次检测抗体时进行称重统计其日增重及成活率,研究结果如下:1、采用21日龄免疫HP-PRRS,7天后再进行CSF和FMD两种疫苗同时分点注射的C组,其首免后30天CSF和FMD抗体滴度略低于单独免疫组(A组)但高于B、D组,在二免后30天和60天时两种抗体滴度均高于单独免疫组(A组)、B组、D组,结果表明,CSF+FMD两种疫苗联合免疫不影响其两种疫苗的免疫效果。2、采用CSF+FMD+PRRS三种疫苗联合免疫组(E组),在首免后30天,三种抗体滴度均略低于三种疫苗单独免疫组(A组);在二免60天和90天三种抗体均略高于A组,但差异不显著;三种疫苗联合免疫组在免疫后30天、60天、90天三种抗体滴度均高于B组和D组,差异显著(P0.05),结果表明,三种疫苗同时分点联合免疫,不影响其各自免疫应答,且能取得与单独免疫相同的免疫抗体水平。3、各免疫组仔猪副反应、日增重和成活率比较,E组免疫仔猪出现一过性体温升高,食欲下降者高于其它组,占10%;CSF+FMD组副反应比例最小,为3.3%;CSF+FMD组及CSF+FMD+HP-PRRS组成活率高于其它组,分别为89.5%和85.4%;两组仔猪的日增重也高于其它组。结果表明,三种疫苗联合免疫可引起免疫仔猪出现副反应比例增加,但不影响免疫仔猪的日增重及成活率。4、本研究结果表明,口蹄疫、猪瘟及高致病猪蓝耳病联合免疫,或先进性猪蓝耳病免疫,7天后进行猪瘟及口蹄疫联合免疫均能使免疫仔猪产生良好抗体应答,且不影响其日增重,节省大量免疫接种人力,该两种程序均可供不同规模养猪场参考与借鉴。
[Abstract]:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), (CSF) and highly pathogenic blue ear disease (HP-PRRS) are three major diseases in pigs. The Ministry of Agriculture lists three kinds of swine infectious diseases as compulsory immunizations, in order to ensure the immune effect of the three vaccines. All local pig farms have adopted immunization procedures of three kinds of vaccines, which not only increase the labor force of epidemic prevention personnel, but also increase vaccine immunization and the immune stress of pigs, thus affecting their production performance. Therefore, whether the three vaccines can be immunized at the same time has been a long-term concern and expectation of the pig industry. In order to detect and observe the effects of combined immunization of three vaccines on the antibody titers, side effects, daily gain and survival rate of piglets, 150 piglets aged 21-30 days were selected from a large scale pig farm and divided into five groups. Group A (three FMD,CSF,HP-PRRS vaccines were immunized in batches) (CSF PRRS was immunized in group B (CSF FMD in group C was immunized at the same time) (FMD PRRS in group D was immunized simultaneously) (CSF FMD PRRS in group E was immunized at the same time) (CSF FMD PRRS was immunized for the first time at 30 days of age and then was immunized twice after 30 days of age. The positive indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) was used to detect the CSF and FMD antibodies in the serum by Elisa, and the PRRS antibody in the serum was detected by Elisa at 30 days after the first immunization and 30 days after the second immunization. The daily gain and survival rate of piglets were calculated by weighing before first immunization and at each time of antibody detection. The results were as follows: 1. CSF and FMD vaccine were injected into group C after 21 days of HP-PRRS,7 immunization. The titers of CSF and FMD antibody were slightly lower in group A than those in group A but higher than those in group D at 30 and 60 days after the first immunization, and the titers of both antibodies were higher than those in group B and group D at 30 and 60 days after the first immunization. The results showed that the combined immunization of the two FMD vaccines did not affect the immune effect of the two vaccines. Group E was immunized with CSF FMD PRRS vaccine for 30 days after the first immunization. The titers of the three antibodies were slightly lower than those of the three vaccines alone (group A), and the titers of the three antibodies were slightly higher than those of group A on day 60 and 90, but the difference was not significant. The titers of the three kinds of antibodies in the combined immunization group were significantly higher than those in group B and group D (P0.05). The results showed that the three vaccines were immunized at the same time and their immune responses were not affected. The immune antibody level was the same as that of single immunization. The side effects, daily gain and survival rate of piglets in each immunized group were higher than those in other groups, and the proportion of side effects in group E was the lowest. The proportion of side effects in group E was higher than that in other groups, and that in group E was higher than that in other groups. The survival rate of FMD group and CSF FMD HP-PRRS group was higher than that of other groups (89.5% and 85.4%, respectively), and the daily gain of piglets in both groups was higher than that in other groups. The results showed that combined immunization of three vaccines could increase the proportion of side effects of immunized piglets, but had no effect on the daily gain and survival rate of immunized piglets. The results showed that the combined immunization of foot-and-mouth disease, hog fever and high pathogenic swine blue ear disease. Or advanced swine blue ear disease immunization with hog fever and foot-and-mouth disease combined immunization 7 days after immunization can make the piglets immune to produce a good antibody response, and do not affect its daily weight, save a large number of immunization manpower. The two procedures can be used for reference and reference in different scale pig farms.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.28

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