育肥猪和肉牛饲料添加剂的研制及其应用效果

发布时间：2018-09-09 18:25

【摘要】：本研究包括两个试验,试验1研制了中草药类饲料添加剂麻黄制剂(CEP)和牛膝制剂(TARP),并探讨了它们在育肥猪中的应用效果。试验2研制了肉牛用功能性饲料添加剂BEM复方剂,并考察了BEM复方剂和TARP在肉用犊牛中的应用效果。试验1选取选取体重相似的、健康的丹系大约克×美系长白二元杂交育肥猪60头,将其分为三组,分别为对照组、试验A组和试验B组,每组分为两个重复,每个重复为10头育肥猪。用猪场现行日粮直接饲喂对照组猪;在猪场现行日粮中添加0.35%CEP后,饲喂试验A组猪;在猪场现行日粮中添加0.70%TARP后,饲喂试验B组猪。饲养试验周期为45天。饲养试验结果如下:试验B组猪平均日增重显著地(P0.05)大于对照组猪,试验A组猪平均日增重也大于对照组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。试验B组猪对饲料的利用效率显著地(P0.05)高于对照组,试验A组猪对饲料的利用率也比对照组高,但没有达到显著的水平(P0.05)。试验A组猪血清中总蛋白含量极显著地(P0.01)高于对照组;血清中尿素氮、甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量以及谷草转氨酶的活性极显著(P0.01)或显著地(P0.05)小于对照组。试验B组猪的血清中总蛋白含量极显著地(P0.01)多于对照组;血清中谷草转氨酶活性和甘油三酯含量极显著地(P0.01)小于对照组;血清中总胆固醇含量和谷丙转氨酶总胆固醇活性显著地(P0.05)低于对照组。试验2选取体重相似的、健康的西门塔尔皖杂犊牛18头,被分为三组,即对照组、试验A组和试验B组,每组各6头牛。用大明牛场当前的日粮饲喂对照组犊牛;在大明牛场当前的日粮中添加20g牛膝制剂(20g?d)和20g BEM复方剂(20g?d)后,分别饲喂试验A组和试验B组犊牛。饲养试验周期为35 d。试验结果为:试验B组(BEM组)犊牛日增重显著地(P0.05)大于对照组犊牛;试验A组(牛膝制剂组)犊牛日增重也比对照组快,但差异不显著(P0.05)。试验A和B组犊牛血清中甘油三酯含量和谷丙转氨酶活性显著地(P0.05)或极显著地(P0.01)少于对照组;试验A和B组犊牛血清中免疫球蛋白G、总蛋白含量显著地(P0.05)或极显著地(P0.01)多于对照组。在犊牛日粮中添加BEM复方剂,可显著地(P0.05)或极显著地(P0.01)提高犊牛对日粮中营养物质粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物、粗纤维、钙和磷的消化率。根据上述两个试验的结果可推断:(1)在育肥猪日粮中添加CEP和TARP,对育肥猪的生长、饲料利用、营养生化代谢和细胞的结构与机能等都有良好的作用。因此,CEP和TARP都可作为育肥猪的饲料添加剂。(2)在肉用犊牛的日粮中分别添加BEM复方剂和TARP,对犊牛的日增重、消化机能、营养状况、血清生化参数、组织的结构和功能以及抗体的合成等都有良好的作用。因此,TARP和BEM复方剂均可作为肉用犊牛的饲料添加剂。
[Abstract]:Two experiments were carried out in this study. In experiment 1, ephedra preparation (CEP) and Achyranthes bidentata preparation (TARP) were prepared and their application effects in fattening pigs were discussed. In experiment 2, BEM compound was prepared as a functional feed additive for beef cattle, and the application effects of BEM compound and TARP in beef calves were investigated. A total of 60 healthy farmed Yorkshire York York * Yorkshire two yuan cross bred fattening pigs were divided into three groups: control group, test group A and test B group. Each group was divided into two replicates, each with 10 * fattening pigs. The pigs were fed directly to the control group * and fed with 0.35%CEP in the current diet of pig farms. Experiment group A * pigs were fed with 0.70%TARP in the current diet of pig farms. Pigs were fed test B * * for 45 days. The feeding test results were as follows: the average daily gain of pigs in group B was significantly (P0.05) greater than that in control group. The average daily gain of pigs in test group A was also higher than that in control group, but the difference was not significant (P0.05). The rate of * (P0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control group. The feed utilization rate of the A group was higher than that of the control group, but it did not reach a significant level * (P0.05). The total protein content in the serum of A group was significantly higher (P0.01) than that of the control group, and the levels of serum urea nitrogen, triglyceride and total cholesterol and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase were very significant (P0.01). Significantly (P0.05) was smaller than that in the control group. The total protein content in serum of test B group was significantly higher (P0.01) than that of the control group; serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity and triglyceride content were significantly (P0.01) less than those of the control group; serum total cholesterol and glutamic pyruvic transaminase total cholesterol activity were significantly lower (P0.05) than those of the control group. 2 Eighteen healthy Simmental Anhui crossbred calves with similar body weight were divided into three groups: control group, experimental group A and experimental group B, with six calves in each group. The results showed that the daily gain of group B (BEM group) was significantly higher than that of control group (P 0.05), and the daily gain of group A (Achyranthes bidentata preparation group) was also faster than that of control group, but the difference was not significant (P 0.05). 5) or significantly less than the control group (P 0.01); the serum immunoglobulin G, total protein content in group A and group B were significantly (P 0.05) or significantly (P 0.01) more than the control group. According to the results of the above two experiments, it can be inferred that: (1) CEP and TARP have good effects on the growth, feed utilization, nutrient biochemical metabolism and cell structure and function of finishing pigs. Therefore, both CEP and TARP can be used as feed additives for finishing pigs. Adding BEM and TARP to calves'diets had good effects on daily gain, digestive function, nutritional status, serum biochemical parameters, tissue structure and function, and antibody synthesis of calves.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5;S823.5

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