饲粮不同血浆蛋白粉水平对仔猪断奶前后生长性能、饲料营养消化率、血液生化指标以及免疫蛋白的影响

发布时间：2018-09-12 05:56

【摘要】：本试验研究的目的是在仔猪饲粮中添加不同水平的血浆蛋白粉,测定断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质消化率、血液生化指标以及免疫蛋白的变化情况,探索血浆蛋白粉在仔猪断奶前后饲粮中的科学合理使用。选用日龄(12±2d)、体重(3±0.05kg)相近,身体状况良好的“杜×长×陆川”内三元未断奶仔猪12窝,平均每窝10头,共120头。按照随机性原则分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。设计生产四种饲料,四种饲料营养水平相同。四种饲料的动物性蛋白源分别是3.5%SDPP、5%SDPP、6.5%SDPP和5%鱼粉,分别对应试验组一、试验组二、试验组三和对照组。试验的前两周即仔猪12-25日龄,此阶段仔猪日粮以吃母乳为主,适当补喂饲料。试验的后两周即仔猪的26～39日龄,此阶段是仔猪断奶初期,以组为单位分别饲喂四种不同的饲料。试验测定的指标有：①平均日采食量、平均日增重、料肉比、腹泻率等生产性能指标。②粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、磷、能量等消化率指标。③尿素氮(BUN)、总胆固醇(TC)、空腹血糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、白球比(A/G)等血清生化指标。④IgA、IgM、IgG、C3、C4、ALP、ALT、GOT、ALT/GOT等血清免疫指标和酶活指标。试验结果：(1)生产性能方面,平均日采食量3.5%SDPP组、5%SDPP组、6.5%SDPP组分别比对照组提高了1.39%、50.03%、28.86%；平均日增重分别为：120.84g、198.55g和168.72g,比对照组提高了7.43%、76.52%和50%;料重比分别降低了5.63%、15%和14.10%；腹泻率分别降低了73.32%、91.56%和59.26%；(2)营养物质消化率指标方面,3.5%SDPP组与对照组相比粗蛋白提高了3.72%、粗灰分提高了5.00%、粗纤维提高了32.99%、钙提高了27.20%、磷提高了2.56%、脂肪提高了4.76%、能量提高了0.26%。5%SDPP组与对照组相比粗蛋白提高了11.49%、粗灰分提高了25.74%、粗纤维提高了71.79%、钙提高了31.77%、磷提高了14.06%、脂肪提高了17.81%、能量提高了4.46%。6.5%SDPP组与对照组相比粗蛋白提高了7.24%、粗灰分提高了10.25%、粗纤维提高了61.48%、钙提高了19.63%、磷提高了0.96%、脂肪提高了6.98%、能量提高了0.56%。(3)血清球蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、空腹血糖含量三个试验组均高于对照组,但是差异不显著(P0.05)。三个试验组的白球比均低于对照组,差异极显著(P0.01)。尿素氮方面3.5%SDPP组比对照组低8.73%差异不显著(P0.05),5%SDPP组比对照组低36.97%差异显著(P0.05),6.5%SDPP组比对照组低22.25%差异不显著(P0.05)。胆固醇方面试验组均低于对照组,差异均不显著(P0.05)。(4)血清中IgG、IgM、IgA含量比对照组有所增加除试验组三IgG与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05)其他均不显著(P0.05),免疫球蛋白的含量与血浆蛋白粉用量有一定的正相关。补体C3和补体C4试验组含量均高于对照组,但是差异不显著(P0.05)。(5)相关酶活性方面,3.5%SDPP组、5%SDPP组和6.5%SDPP组与对照组相比谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性分别提高了124.58%、128.66%和69.44%差异均显著(P0.05),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性分别提高了59.86%、76.96%和46.42%差异均极显著(P0.01)。ALT/GOT试验组与对照组相比有所升高。谷草转氨酶方面试验组一、试验组二和试验组三较对照组均有所提高,但是差异不显著(P0.05)。结论：血浆蛋白粉可以有效的提高仔猪日采食量和日增重,降低料重比和减少腹泻的发生,提高仔猪的生产性能。可以有效提高营养物质的消化率有利于仔猪的生长发育,可以加强氮的沉积减少蛋白质和脂肪的分解代谢有利于提高增重。血浆蛋白粉可以提高碱性磷酸酶的活性和转氨酶的活性,有利于骨骼的生长发育和联合脱氨基作用的进行提高增重。可以提高机体免疫能力,减少应激反应,有利于仔猪生长,提高经济效益。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to determine the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical indexes and immune protein of weaned piglets by adding different levels of plasma protein powder to the diet of piglets, and to explore the scientific and rational use of plasma protein powder in the diet of piglets before and after weaning. Similar to the good health condition of "Duo x Chang * Lu Chuan", there are 12 litters of three yuan weaned piglets, with an average of 10 heads and 120 heads per litter. According to the principle of randomness, the * is divided into 4 groups, each group has 3 replicates and 10 pigs per replicate. Four kinds of feedstuffs are designed and produced. The nutritive level of four feed is the same. The animal protein sources of four feed are 3.5%SDPP, 5%SDPP, 6.5%SDP respectively. P and 5% fish meal correspond to test group 1, test group 2, test group 3 and control group respectively. Piglets aged 12-25 days were fed with breast milk as the main diet in the first two weeks of the experiment. Piglets aged 26-39 days in the second two weeks of the experiment. Piglets were fed with four different feeds at the early weaning stage. The indexes measured in the experiment were: (1) average daily intake, average daily gain, feed-meat ratio, diarrhea rate and other performance indicators; (2) crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, energy and other digestibility indicators; (3) urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), albumin ratio (A/G) and other serum biochemical indicators. Indicators (4) IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, C4, ALP, ALT, GOT, ALT / GOT and other serum immune and enzyme activity indicators. The results showed that: (1) The average daily feed intake of 3.5% SDPP group, 5% SDPP group, 6.5% SDPP group were 1.39%, 50.03%, 28.86% higher than the control group, and the average daily gain were 120.84g, 198.55g and 168.72g higher than the control group, respectively. (2) Compared with the control group, the crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus and fat of 3.5% SDPP group were increased by 3.72%, 5.00%, 32.99%, 27.20%, 2.56% and 2.56%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, fat and energy in the 5% SDPP group were increased by 11.49%, 25.74%, 71.79%, 31.77%, 14.06%, 17.81% and 4.46%, respectively. (3) The levels of serum globulin, total protein, albumin and fasting blood glucose in the three experimental groups were higher than those in the control group, but the difference was not significant (P 0.05). The ratio of white blood cells in the three experimental groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.01). Compared with the control group, the 5% SDPP group was 36.97% lower than the control group (P 0.05), while the 6.5% SDPP group was 22.25% lower than the control group (P 0.05). Compared with the control group, IgG was not significantly different (P 0.05), but the content of immunoglobulin was positively correlated with the amount of plasma protein powder. ALT activity increased 124.58%, 128.66% and 69.44% respectively (P 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increased 59.86%, 76.96% and 46.42% respectively (P 0.01). ALT / GOT test group was higher than the control group. Conclusion: Plasma protein powder can effectively increase daily intake and gain of piglets, reduce feed-to-weight ratio, reduce diarrhea and improve the production performance of piglets. It can effectively improve the digestibility of nutrients for the growth and development of piglets, and can enhance nitrogen deposition and reduce protein. Plasma protein meal can increase the activity of alkaline phosphatase and transaminase, promote the growth and development of skeleton and increase the weight gain by combined deamination, improve the immune function, reduce the stress reaction, benefit the growth of piglets and increase the economic benefit.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

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