基于牧场生产力的内蒙古典型草原载畜率研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 13:45

【摘要】：基于长期放牧控制实验平台,研究了内蒙古典型草原群落在两种降水年型(平水年和丰水年)和两种地形系统(平地和坡地)条件下的初级生产力和次级生产力对不同载畜率(0、1.5、3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5、9.0羊单位/hm~2)的响应。结果表明:随着载畜率的增加,地上现存生物量逐渐降低。两种降水年型不同地形条件下,载畜率为3.0和4.5羊单位/hm~2处理均获得较高的地上净初级生产力,平均比对照区增加了30.87%,而重度放牧(SR=7.5、9.0羊单位/hm~2)处理则降低了13.53%。羊公顷增重随载畜率的增加逐渐升高,载畜率为3.0和4.5羊单位/hm~2处理的平均只羊增重均高于其他处理。综合分析初级和次级生产力的变化趋势可知,本试验条件下内蒙古典型草原牧场的最适载畜率为3.0~4.5羊单位/hm~2。
[Abstract]:Based on the long-term grazing control experimental platform, The responses of primary productivity and secondary productivity of typical grassland communities in Inner Mongolia to different livestock loading rates (0 ~ 1.53.0 ~ 4.5N ~ (6.5) per unit / unit 路hm-2 of sheep per unit 路hm ~ (2) were studied under two rainfall year patterns (plain year and high water year) and two topographic systems (flat land and sloping land). The results showed that the aboveground biomass decreased gradually with the increase of stocking rate. Under the different topographic conditions of two different precipitation patterns, the livestock loading rates of 3.0 and 4.5 sheep / unit / hm-2 treatments were higher than that of the control area, and the average net primary productivity increased by 30.87%, while the heavy grazing (SR=7.5,9.0 sheep unit / hm-2) treatment decreased 13.53%. The weight gain of sheep per hectare gradually increased with the increase of livestock loading rate. The average weight gain of sheep treated with 3.0 and 4.5 sheep per unit / hm ~ (-2) was higher than that of other treatments. By analyzing the change trend of primary and secondary productivity, we can see that the optimum stocking rate of the typical grassland pastures in Inner Mongolia is 3.04.5sheep per unit / hm ~ (2) 路h ~ (-1) 路h ~ (-1).
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院;中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室;
【基金】："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2012BAD16B03) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2011-BAC07B01) 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050400)资助
【分类号】：S812

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