基于线粒体D-loop区四个鸡种DNA条形码和品种鉴定

发布时间：2018-10-04 19:13

【摘要】：我国是世界上鸡(Gallus gallus domesticus)种遗传资源最为丰富的国家之一,随着越来越多的培育品种不断出现,如何区分这些优良鸡种显得尤为重要。本研究旨在探讨线粒体D-loop区序列作为DNA条形码在识别鸡种方面的可行性和有效性。对安卡鸡、隐性白羽鸡、河南斗鸡以及丝羽乌骨鸡等4个鸡种共115个个体mtDNA D-loop区全序列进行测序,并分析各个鸡种遗传多态性特点以及种内和种间遗传距离。结果表明,4个鸡种D-loop区全序列大小为1 231~1 232 bp,1 231 bp个体在859 bp处存在C碱基缺失,共检测到26个变异位点和15个单倍型,其中安卡鸡、隐性白羽鸡、河南斗鸡以及丝羽乌骨鸡特异单倍型数分别为3、4、3和2个。4个鸡种平均单倍型多样度为0.467~0.799,平均核苷酸多样度为0.00217~0.005 61,种间Kiumura双参数距离为0.435%~0.940%,种间净遗传距离为0.150%~0.712%。聚类分析显示,4个品种线粒体D-loop区分歧较远,聚类结果基本与形态学分类一致;参照已公开发表的单倍型划分标准,发现安卡鸡和隐性白羽鸡主要为E分支,河南斗鸡主要为B分支,丝羽乌骨鸡主要为A分支。本研究为鸡品种鉴定以及遗传资源保护和开发利用提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:China is one of the countries with the richest genetic resources of chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) species in the world. With more and more breeding varieties emerging, it is very important to distinguish these excellent breeds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of mitochondrial D-loop sequence as DNA bar code in identifying chicken breeds. A total of 115 individual mtDNA D-loop regions were sequenced from 4 breeds of Anka chicken, recessive white feather chicken, Henan fighting chicken and silky chicken, and the genetic polymorphism characteristics and genetic distance between species and species were analyzed. The results showed that the total sequence size of the D-loop region of 4 breeds was 1231 / 1 232 bp,1 / 231 bp with C base deletion at 859 bp. A total of 26 mutation sites and 15 haplotypes were detected, among which Amka chicken and recessive white feather chicken were detected. The average haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, interspecific Kiumura double parameter distance and interspecific genetic distance of the four breeds were 0.467, 0.005.61, 0.435 and 0.940, respectively, and the net genetic distance between the four breeds was 0.1507.122.The average haplotype diversity of the four breeds was 0.467%, the average nucleotide diversity was 0.002170.5.61, the interspecific Kiumura two-parameter distance was 0.435 ~ 0.940, and the interspecific net genetic distance was 0.150 0.72. Cluster analysis showed that the mitochondrial D-loop regions of the four varieties were far apart, and the clustering results were basically consistent with the morphological classification, and according to the published haplotype classification criteria, it was found that Anka chicken and recessive white feather chicken were mainly E branches. Henan cock is mainly B branch, silk feather black bone chicken is mainly A branch. This study provides a theoretical basis for the identification of chicken breeds and the protection, development and utilization of genetic resources.
【作者单位】：江苏省家禽科学研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.31372277、No.31501917和No.31672382)
【分类号】：S831.2

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