猪AHR基因拷贝数变异及其与繁殖性状的关联研究
发布时间：2018-10-31 12:06
【摘要】：拷贝数变异(copy number variations, CNVs)是基因组中重要的结构变异形式,研究发现其与人的许多复杂疾病的发生相关,对畜禽的重要经济性状也有影响。芳香烃受体(aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AHR)基因在哺乳动物多个组织中表达,在由化学毒素四氯二苯并-p-二恶英(tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD)导致哺乳动物繁殖力减弱中起着关键的介导作用。多项研究表明,AHR基因对猪繁殖性能具有调控作用,可以作为猪育种中的一个分子遗传标记。对于AHR基因的结构、表达和生物学功能已有很多研究,但对于AHR基因的拷贝数变异及其与繁殖性状的关联研究还未见报道。本研究以河北邢台、北京房山以及江苏昆山三地4个品种(杜洛克、长白、大白、梅山猪)共944头种猪为试验材料,以AHR基因为候选基因,运用实时荧光定量PCR技术和2-△△CT相对定量分析方法,检测了4个猪种的AHR基因拷贝数。配合一般线性模型(general linear model, GLM),用SAS 9.2软件的GLM过程,在长白、大白中对AHR基因拷贝数变异与猪产仔数、活仔数、初生窝重、断奶仔猪数和妊娠天数进行了关联分析,得到如下主要结果：(1)猪AHR基因存在拷贝数变异,变异范围为1～2,表现为正常拷贝数型和缺失拷贝数型。其中,杜洛克猪AHR基因2拷贝78头,1拷贝94头；长白猪AHR基因2拷贝169头,1拷贝90头;大白猪AHR基因2拷贝329头,1拷贝155头：梅山猪AHR基因全部为2拷贝。在杜洛克、长白、大白中均存在正常拷贝数(2拷贝)和缺失拷贝数(1拷贝),在梅山猪中只存在正常拷贝数。(2)基于GLM的方差分析表明,胎次效应对猪繁殖性状有显著影响,表现为前三胎随着胎次的增加,产仔数、活仔数和初生窝重呈提高趋势。场年季效应对猪繁殖性能也有显著影响。(3)关联分析表明,大白猪中AHR基因拷贝数变异对产仔数、活仔数有显著影响,AHR基因拷贝数为2的个体的产仔数、活仔数显著高于AHR基因拷贝数为1的个体。长白猪AHR基因拷贝数变异对产仔数影响显著、活仔数影响接近显著,其变化趋势与大白猪相同。AHR基因拷贝数变异对这两个品种的其它繁殖性状无显著影响。综上所述,猪AHR基因存在拷贝数变异,且其变异与产仔数、活仔数显著相关,可以作为一个候选遗传标记运用到猪育种工作中。
[Abstract]:Copy number variation (copy number variations, CNVs) is an important form of structural variation in the genome. It has been found to be related to the occurrence of many complex diseases in humans and also to the important economic traits of livestock and poultry. Aromatics receptor (aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AHR) gene is expressed in many mammalian tissues and plays a key role in the reduction of mammalian fecundity caused by the chemical toxin tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD). Many studies have shown that AHR gene can regulate the reproductive performance of pigs and can be used as a molecular genetic marker in pig breeding. Much research has been done on the structure, expression and biological function of AHR gene, but the copy number variation of AHR gene and its association with reproductive traits have not been reported. In this study, 944 pig breeds (Duroc, Landrace, Dabai, Meishan Pigs) from Xingtai, Beijing Fangshan and Kunshan, Jiangsu Province were used as experimental materials, and AHR gene was used as candidate gene. The copy number of AHR gene in 4 pig breeds was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and 2-CT relative quantitative analysis. With the GLM process of general linear model (general linear model, GLM), using SAS 9.2 software, the variation of AHR gene copy number was correlated with piglets' litter size, live litter size, newborn litter weight, weaning piglets and pregnancy days in white and white. The main results were as follows: (1) there was a copy number variation in porcine AHR gene, and the variation range was 1 / 2, which showed normal copy number type and missing copy number type. Among them, 78 Duroc AHR gene 2 copies, 94 one copy, 169 Landrace AHR gene 2 copies, 90 copies, 329 large white pig AHR gene 2 copies, 1 copy 155: Meishan pig AHR gene is all 2 copies. There were normal copies (2 copies) and missing copies (1 copy) in Duroc, Landrace and White, and only normal copies in Meishan pigs. (2) the variance analysis based on GLM showed that, The effect of birth order had a significant effect on the reproductive traits of pigs, which showed that the first three births increased with the increase of birth order, and the litter size, live litter size and litter weight increased. (3) correlation analysis showed that the variation of AHR gene copy number had a significant effect on litter size and live litter size in large white pigs, and the litter size of individuals with AHR gene copy number 2 was significantly affected by the field annual season effect, (3) correlation analysis showed that the variation of AHR gene copy number in large white pigs had a significant effect on litter size and live litter size. The number of live offspring was significantly higher than that of individuals with AHR gene copy number of 1. The variation of AHR gene copy number of Landrace pig had significant effect on litter size, while the influence of live litter size was similar to that of large white pig, but the variation of AHR gene copy number had no significant effect on other reproductive traits of these two breeds. In conclusion, pig AHR gene has copy number variation, and its variation is significantly correlated with litter size and live litter size, which can be used as a candidate genetic marker in pig breeding.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828
本文编号：2302121
[Abstract]:Copy number variation (copy number variations, CNVs) is an important form of structural variation in the genome. It has been found to be related to the occurrence of many complex diseases in humans and also to the important economic traits of livestock and poultry. Aromatics receptor (aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AHR) gene is expressed in many mammalian tissues and plays a key role in the reduction of mammalian fecundity caused by the chemical toxin tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD). Many studies have shown that AHR gene can regulate the reproductive performance of pigs and can be used as a molecular genetic marker in pig breeding. Much research has been done on the structure, expression and biological function of AHR gene, but the copy number variation of AHR gene and its association with reproductive traits have not been reported. In this study, 944 pig breeds (Duroc, Landrace, Dabai, Meishan Pigs) from Xingtai, Beijing Fangshan and Kunshan, Jiangsu Province were used as experimental materials, and AHR gene was used as candidate gene. The copy number of AHR gene in 4 pig breeds was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and 2-CT relative quantitative analysis. With the GLM process of general linear model (general linear model, GLM), using SAS 9.2 software, the variation of AHR gene copy number was correlated with piglets' litter size, live litter size, newborn litter weight, weaning piglets and pregnancy days in white and white. The main results were as follows: (1) there was a copy number variation in porcine AHR gene, and the variation range was 1 / 2, which showed normal copy number type and missing copy number type. Among them, 78 Duroc AHR gene 2 copies, 94 one copy, 169 Landrace AHR gene 2 copies, 90 copies, 329 large white pig AHR gene 2 copies, 1 copy 155: Meishan pig AHR gene is all 2 copies. There were normal copies (2 copies) and missing copies (1 copy) in Duroc, Landrace and White, and only normal copies in Meishan pigs. (2) the variance analysis based on GLM showed that, The effect of birth order had a significant effect on the reproductive traits of pigs, which showed that the first three births increased with the increase of birth order, and the litter size, live litter size and litter weight increased. (3) correlation analysis showed that the variation of AHR gene copy number had a significant effect on litter size and live litter size in large white pigs, and the litter size of individuals with AHR gene copy number 2 was significantly affected by the field annual season effect, (3) correlation analysis showed that the variation of AHR gene copy number in large white pigs had a significant effect on litter size and live litter size. The number of live offspring was significantly higher than that of individuals with AHR gene copy number of 1. The variation of AHR gene copy number of Landrace pig had significant effect on litter size, while the influence of live litter size was similar to that of large white pig, but the variation of AHR gene copy number had no significant effect on other reproductive traits of these two breeds. In conclusion, pig AHR gene has copy number variation, and its variation is significantly correlated with litter size and live litter size, which can be used as a candidate genetic marker in pig breeding.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828
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