科尔沁沙地草地植被对围封和放牧的响应
发布时间：2018-11-03 07:42
【摘要】：研究了科尔沁沙地疏林草地、针茅草原和草甸植被盖度、地上和地下生物量、物种多样性对围封和放牧的响应。结果表明:(1)围封与放牧草地的优势植物不同,围封草地植物群落优势植物为多年生禾本科植物,放牧草地中一年生植物和小半灌木优势明显。(2)围封和放牧草地的植物盖度、凋落物量、地上生物量和物种丰富度存在明显差异(P0.05);围封显著提高了植被盖度和地上生物量,由疏林草地、针茅草原到草甸,植物盖度和地上生物量逐渐增加,而3种草地植被凋落物量大小顺序为针茅草原疏林草地草甸;放牧条件下植物盖度、凋落物量和物种丰富度差异不显著(P0.05)。(3)3种草地之间的地下生物量无显著差异(P0.05),但围封与放牧之间、不同土壤层次之间地下生物量存在明显差异(P0.05);围封显著提高草地的地下生物量(P0.05);草地地下生物量随着土壤深度表现出下降趋势(P0.05)。长期放牧增加了草地一年生植物和小半灌木植物的优势,消除了不同草地之间植被盖度和物种丰富度的差异;而围封能提高草地多年生禾本科植物的优势、增加其物种丰富度,对于草地质量和植物多样性的恢复和保育具有积极作用。
[Abstract]:The vegetation coverage, aboveground and underground biomass, species diversity response to enclosure and grazing were studied in the open forest and grassland of Horqin Sandy Land, Plantago and Meadow. The results showed that: (1) the dominant plants in enclosed grassland were different from those in grazing grassland, and the dominant plants in enclosed grassland community were perennial gramineous plants. (2) there were significant differences in plant coverage, litter amount, aboveground biomass and species richness between enclosed grassland and grazing grassland (P0.05). The vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass were significantly increased by enclosure. The vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass increased gradually from the open forest grassland to the meadow, and the litter amount of the three kinds of grassland vegetation was in the order of the alpine meadow. Under grazing conditions, there was no significant difference in plant coverage, litter amount and species richness (P0.05). (3) among the three grasslands (P0.05), but there was no significant difference between enclosed grassland and grazing. There were significant differences in underground biomass among different soil layers (P0.05). Enclosure significantly increased the below-ground biomass of grassland (P0.05), and the below-ground biomass of grassland decreased with soil depth (P0.05). Long-term grazing increased the advantage of annual plants and small semi-shrub plants in grassland and eliminated the differences in vegetation coverage and species richness among different grasslands. Enclosure can improve the superiority of perennial gramineous plants and increase their species richness, which plays an active role in the restoration and conservation of grassland quality and plant diversity.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院“百人计划”项目(Y451H31001) 国家自然科学基金项目(41571106,41171414) 内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(Y439K71001)
【分类号】：S812
[Abstract]:The vegetation coverage, aboveground and underground biomass, species diversity response to enclosure and grazing were studied in the open forest and grassland of Horqin Sandy Land, Plantago and Meadow. The results showed that: (1) the dominant plants in enclosed grassland were different from those in grazing grassland, and the dominant plants in enclosed grassland community were perennial gramineous plants. (2) there were significant differences in plant coverage, litter amount, aboveground biomass and species richness between enclosed grassland and grazing grassland (P0.05). The vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass were significantly increased by enclosure. The vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass increased gradually from the open forest grassland to the meadow, and the litter amount of the three kinds of grassland vegetation was in the order of the alpine meadow. Under grazing conditions, there was no significant difference in plant coverage, litter amount and species richness (P0.05). (3) among the three grasslands (P0.05), but there was no significant difference between enclosed grassland and grazing. There were significant differences in underground biomass among different soil layers (P0.05). Enclosure significantly increased the below-ground biomass of grassland (P0.05), and the below-ground biomass of grassland decreased with soil depth (P0.05). Long-term grazing increased the advantage of annual plants and small semi-shrub plants in grassland and eliminated the differences in vegetation coverage and species richness among different grasslands. Enclosure can improve the superiority of perennial gramineous plants and increase their species richness, which plays an active role in the restoration and conservation of grassland quality and plant diversity.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院“百人计划”项目(Y451H31001) 国家自然科学基金项目(41571106,41171414) 内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(Y439K71001)
【分类号】：S812
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