湿热应激对藏绵羊和山羊生长性能、抗氧化能力以及免疫功能的影响

发布时间：2018-11-08 12:38

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究藏绵羊和山羊在相同营养及湿热应激条件下血清激素、抗氧化和免疫指标的变化规律,考察湿热应激对藏绵羊和山羊生长性能、抗氧化能力以及免疫功能影响的差异。选取年龄和体重[(45.83±3.54)kg]相近的藏绵羊与山羊(波尔山羊×本地黄羊)各6只,试验共进行135 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期120 d。每日测定温湿度指数(THI),每月测定藏绵羊和山羊的血清相关指标。结果表明:1)5—7月份,羊舍THI随月份的增加显著升高(P0.05),6—8月份羊舍THI均大于72,因此将6—8月份定为湿热应激期。2)7、8月份藏绵羊和山羊直肠温度和呼吸频率均显著高于5月份(P0.05),且湿热应激期内藏绵羊直肠温度和呼吸频率均显著高于山羊(P0.05)。3)正试期内,湿热应激使得藏绵羊和山羊的干物质采食量最大降幅分别为10.70%和10.44%,平均日增重(ADG)最大降幅分别为50.00%和47.82%。4)羊舍THI由71.17(5月份)升高到76.82(7月份),藏绵羊和山羊血清皮质醇和胰岛素浓度显著升高(P0.05),血清葡萄糖和三碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度显著降低(P0.05)。湿热应激下,藏绵羊血清中生长激素和甲状腺素浓度的最大降幅均大于山羊。5)除藏绵羊7月份和山羊8月份血清总抗氧化能力,藏绵羊和山羊7、8月份的血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和总抗氧化能力均显著低于5月份(P0.05)外,血清丙二醛浓度均显著高于5月份(P0.05)。湿热应激下,山羊血清超氧化物歧化酶活性、总抗氧化能力和丙二醛浓度变化幅度均大于藏绵羊。6)与5月份相比,藏绵羊和山羊8月份的血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G和白细胞介素-2浓度显著降低(P0.05),而血清肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度则显著升高(P0.05)。湿热应激下,藏绵羊血清免疫球蛋白、白细胞介素-2和肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度的变化幅度均大于山羊。综上所述,湿热应激状态下藏绵羊和山羊的呼吸频率和直肠温度升高,抗氧化能力和免疫功能降低,从而导致生长性能降低。藏绵羊生长性能和免疫功能受湿热应激影响较大,而山羊抗氧化能力受湿热应激影响较大。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the changes of serum hormones, antioxidant and immune indexes in Tibetan sheep and goat under the same nutrition and heat stress, and to investigate the growth performance of Tibetan sheep and goat under wet heat stress. Differences in antioxidant capacity and immune function. Six Tibetan sheep and six goats (Boer goat 脳 local yellow sheep) with similar age and body weight [(45.83 卤3.54) kg] were selected. The temperature and humidity index (THI),) was measured every month in Tibetan sheep and goat. The results showed that: 1) in May to July, the THI of sheephouse increased significantly with the increase of month (P0.05), and the THI of sheephouse in June and August were all more than 72. Therefore, the rectal temperature and respiratory frequency of Tibetan sheep and goats in July and August were significantly higher than those in May (P0.05). The rectal temperature and respiratory frequency of Tibetan sheep were significantly higher than that of goats (P0.05). The maximal decrease of dry matter intake of Tibetan sheep and goat was 10.70% and 10.44%, respectively. Average daily gain (ADG) decreased by 50.00% and 47.82.4 respectively. The THI of sheep shed increased from 71.17 (May) to 76.82 (July). Serum cortisol and insulin concentrations in Tibetan sheep and goats were significantly increased (P0.05) and serum glucose and triiodothyronine concentrations were significantly decreased (P0.05). Under damp and heat stress, the maximal decrease of growth hormone and thyroxine in serum of Tibetan sheep was greater than that of goat. 5) the total antioxidation capacity of serum in July and August of Tibetan sheep and goat was higher than that of goat. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) activity and total antioxidant capacity of Tibetan sheep and goats in August were significantly lower than those in May (P0.05), and the concentration of MDA in serum was significantly higher than that in May (P0.05). The changes of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in serum of Tibetan sheep and goat were higher than those of Tibetan sheep under damp-heat stress. 6) compared with May, serum immunoglobulin A of Tibetan sheep and goat in August was higher than that of Tibetan sheep. The concentrations of immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G and interleukin-2 decreased significantly (P0.05), while the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor- 伪 increased significantly (P0.05). The changes of serum immunoglobulin, interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor- 伪 in Tibetan sheep were larger than those in goats under damp-heat stress. In conclusion, the respiratory rate and rectal temperature of Tibetan sheep and goats were increased, and the antioxidant capacity and immune function were decreased, which resulted in the decrease of growth performance. The growth performance and immune function of Tibetan sheep were greatly affected by heat and humidity stress, while the antioxidant ability of goats was affected by heat and humidity stress.
【作者单位】： 四川农业大学动物营养研究所;
【基金】：青藏高原社区畜牧业行业科技项目(201203008)
【分类号】：S858.26;S858.27

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