凋萎和添加剂对稻草裹包青贮发酵品质和营养价值的影响

发布时间：2018-11-19 21:35

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究凋萎和添加剂对稻草裹包青贮发酵品质和营养价值的影响。将10月底收割的鲜稻草和凋萎24 h稻草(干鲜比分别为36.5%、42.3%)均设4个组,即对照组、糖蜜组(单独添加糖蜜)、青贮宝组(单独添加青贮宝)和糖蜜+青贮宝组(糖蜜和青贮宝联合添加),每组制作3包。常温裹包青贮50 d后,开包采样进行感官品质、发酵参数和营养价值评定。结果显示:无论鲜稻草是否凋萎,稻草单独青贮难以成功,添加剂糖蜜、青贮宝的添加有利于稻草的裹包青贮;单独添加青贮宝显著降低凋萎稻草青贮的氨态氮(NH_3-N)含量(P0.05);单独添加糖蜜显著提高凋萎稻草青贮的乙酸含量(P0.05),显著降低凋萎稻草青贮的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量(P0.05);联合添加糖蜜和青贮宝可显著提高鲜稻草或凋萎稻草青贮的粗蛋白质(CP)和钙(Ca)含量(P0.05),显著降低鲜贮稻草青贮的NDF含量(P0.05),显著降低凋萎稻草青贮的NH_3-N含量(P0.05),显著增加凋萎稻草青贮的乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量(P0.05)。凋萎显著降低稻草青贮的干物质回收率和丙酸含量(P0.05),提高稻草青贮的CP和NH_3-N含量(P0.05)。综上,稻草单独青贮难以成功,添加糖蜜和青贮宝有利于提高稻草青贮的发酵品质,稻草青贮前凋萎要适度。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of wilting and additives on the fermentation quality and nutritional value of straw inclusion silage. Fresh straw harvested at the end of October and rice straw withering for 24 hours (dry / fresh ratio was 36.5%) were divided into four groups: control group, molasses group (added molasses alone). Silage group (alone added silage) and molasses silage group (molasses and silage combined), each group made 3 packets. After ensilage at room temperature for 50 days, the sensory quality, fermentation parameters and nutritional value were evaluated. The results showed that no matter whether the fresh straw was wilting or not, the straw silage alone was difficult to succeed, and the addition of additive molasses and silage treasure was beneficial to the inclusion silage of rice straw. The addition of silage significantly decreased the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH_3-N) in withered straw silage (P0.05). The content of acetic acid in withered straw silage was significantly increased by adding molasses alone (P0.05), and the content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of withered straw silage was significantly decreased (P0.05). The combination of molasses and silage significantly increased the contents of crude protein (CP) and calcium (Ca) in fresh straw or wilting straw silage (P0.05), and significantly decreased the NDF content of fresh straw silage (P0.05). The NH_3-N content of wilting straw silage was significantly decreased (P0.05), and the content of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid was significantly increased (P0.05). Wilting significantly decreased dry matter recovery and propionic acid content of straw silage (P0.05), and increased CP and NH_3-N content of straw silage (P0.05). In conclusion, straw silage alone is difficult to succeed, adding molasses and silage can improve the fermentation quality of rice straw silage, and the wilting of rice straw silage should be moderate before silage.
【作者单位】：浙江省农科院畜牧兽医研究所;浙江省畜牧技术推广总站;宁波余姚联盛牧场;
【基金】：浙江省农科院院地合作项目(HZ20160002,LS20150001)
【分类号】：S816.53

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