南方夏季开放式牛舍屋面喷淋降温系统降温效果的研究
发布时间：2018-11-23 15:39
【摘要】：为缓解南方夏季高温高湿热应激对肉牛生产性能的影响,研究不同降温方式对肉牛舍的降温效果,探讨屋面喷淋通风降温系统缓解热应激的机理。以江西省地方品种锦江黄牛为试验对象,选择24头年龄、体重相近、性别相同、生长状况良好的锦江黄牛,随机分为3组,每组8头牛,试验1、2和3组分别为舍内通风组、舍内喷雾通风组和屋面喷淋通风组,分别测定了环境温度、湿度,肉牛直肠温度、呼吸频率和日增质量、血液生化指标、免疫指标和无机离子等相关参数等。研究结果如下:1屋面喷淋通风降温系统对牛舍温热环境和肉牛生产性能的影响屋面喷淋运行期间(10:00-18:00),与1组相比,3组舍内距屋顶0、1、2和3 m处温度分别降低4.79℃(P0.01)、2.13℃、1.37℃和1.42℃;湿度分别增加9.66%(P0.01)、6.76%(P0.01)、2.66%和1.80%;在14:00时,距离地面高度1.5 m和0.5 m分别降低1.2℃(P0.05)和1.07℃;呼吸频率降低12次/min(P0.01);直肠温度差异不显著;日增质量提高了26.38%(P0.05)。喷雾运行期间14:00时,与1组相比,2组肉牛体感温度喷雾前后分别降低0.51℃和1.43℃(P0.05),在18:00分别下降0.70℃和1.60℃(P0.05);呼吸频率降低13次/min(P0.01);直肠温度差异不显著;日增质量提高提高了11.11%。2屋面喷淋通风降温系统对肉牛血液生化指标的影响与第1 d相比,三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)含量,1组在试验第15 d和31 d分别降低5.68%和8.52%,3组在15 d和31 d则分别提高了1.65%和5.49%;甲状腺原氨酸(T4)的含量,1组在试验第15 d、31 d差异不显著,3组在第31 d时提高了14.48%(P0.05);皮质醇(COR)含量,1组差异不显著,但有上升趋势,3组则有下降趋势,且第31 d与第1 d相比差异极显著(P0.01);胰岛素生长因子(IGF-I)含量,1组第31 d下降了4.93%,3组则提高了9.98%;血糖(GLU)含量,1组第15 d和31 d分别提高了2.30%和5.75%,2组分别提高了6.63%和19.83%;总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)和球蛋白(GLO)含量,1组在第15 d和31 d均有所下降,3组TP、ALB、GLO均有所上升;免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量,1组均有所下降,3组上升显著;1组无机离子均有下降趋势,3组均有上升趋势,但差异不显著。从以上结果可以得出,屋面喷淋通风降温系统可以一定程度缓解肉牛的热应激,改善肉牛舍的温热环境,降低呼吸频率和体感温度,提高生产性能和经济效益。通过屋面喷淋通风降温可有效改善肉牛机体的代谢紊乱,提高肉牛抵抗力。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the effect of high temperature and high humidity heat stress on the performance of beef cattle in southern summer, the cooling effect of different cooling methods on beef house was studied, and the mechanism of reducing heat stress in roof spray ventilation cooling system was discussed. A total of 24 Jinjiang cattle with similar age, similar weight, same sex and good growth condition were randomly divided into 3 groups (8 cattle per group). The environmental temperature, humidity, rectum temperature, respiration frequency and daily gain, blood biochemical index, immune index and inorganic ion were measured in indoor spray ventilation group and roof spray ventilation group. The results are as follows: 1 the effect of roof spray ventilation and cooling system on the thermal environment and the performance of beef cattle during the roof spraying operation period (10: 00-18: 00). The temperatures at 2 and 3 m decreased by 4.79 鈩，
本文编号：2351931
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the effect of high temperature and high humidity heat stress on the performance of beef cattle in southern summer, the cooling effect of different cooling methods on beef house was studied, and the mechanism of reducing heat stress in roof spray ventilation cooling system was discussed. A total of 24 Jinjiang cattle with similar age, similar weight, same sex and good growth condition were randomly divided into 3 groups (8 cattle per group). The environmental temperature, humidity, rectum temperature, respiration frequency and daily gain, blood biochemical index, immune index and inorganic ion were measured in indoor spray ventilation group and roof spray ventilation group. The results are as follows: 1 the effect of roof spray ventilation and cooling system on the thermal environment and the performance of beef cattle during the roof spraying operation period (10: 00-18: 00). The temperatures at 2 and 3 m decreased by 4.79 鈩，
本文编号：2351931
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