不同物理形态开食料对犊牛生长发育、瘤胃发酵及血液指标的影响
发布时间：2018-11-27 19:11
【摘要】：本试验在湿热条件下,探究饲喂不同物理形态的开食料对犊牛生长发育、瘤胃发酵及血液指标的影响。试验采用36头荷斯坦母犊牛,随机分为3组(每组12头),分别自由采食颗粒状开食料(PSA)、粉末状开食料(PSB)和多颗粒状开食料(TS)。试验期63 d,其中1~42日龄为正常饲喂牛奶时期(断奶前期);43~49日龄为断奶期;50~63日龄为断奶后期。开食料从犊牛5日龄开始自由采食。在1、42、49以及63日龄晨饲前进行采血和称重,49和63日龄晨饲前胃管法采集瘤胃液。试验期间每天记录采食量和温湿度指数。结果表明,在湿热环境下:1)断奶期和断奶后2周TS组开食料干物质采食量、平均日增重和重料比高于PSA和PSB组,PSB组最低,但差异不显著(P0.05)。2)TS组犊牛初次反刍时间较PSA组提前3.8日龄,较PSB组提前4.7日龄,差异均显著(P0.05)。63日龄时,TS组瘤胃液氨氮含量显著低于PSA组(P0.05)。3)42日龄时PSA组犊牛血液免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于TS组(P0.05)。4)TS组犊牛初始腹泻时间较PSA和PSB组分别晚0.44和1.75日龄,但无统计学差异(P0.05),TS组腹泻率最低。综合得出,湿热环境下,多颗粒状开食料较颗粒状开食料和粉末状开食料更能促进犊牛的生长发育,使犊牛尽早产生反刍行为,从而加快瘤胃功能的完善
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of different physical forms of diet on growth and development, rumen fermentation and blood index of calves were investigated under the condition of damp and heat. A total of 36 Holstein calves were randomly divided into 3 groups (12 in each group), which were fed with (PSB) and (TS)., respectively. The experimental period was 63 days, of which 1: 42 days was the normal feeding period (preweaning), 43 ~ 49 days was the weaning period, and 50 ~ 63 days was the late weaning period. The food was fed freely from 5 days of age to the calves. Blood was collected and weighed before morning feeding at the age of 42, 49 and 63 days, and rumen fluid was collected by the method of gastric tube feeding in the morning of 49 and 63 days of age. Daily feed intake and temperature and humidity index were recorded during the experiment. The results showed that: 1) in weaning period and 2 weeks after weaning, the dry matter intake, average daily gain and weight to feed ratio of TS group were higher than those of PSA and PSB group, and PSB group was the lowest. But the difference was not significant (P0.05). 2) the initial ruminating time of TS group was 3.8 days earlier than that of PSA group, and 4.7 days earlier than that of PSB group. The difference was significant (P0.05) at 63 days old. The content of ammonia nitrogen in rumen fluid in TS group was significantly lower than that in PSA group (P0.05). At 42 days of age, the content of immunoglobulin G in calf of PSA group was significantly higher than that of TS group (P0.05). 4) the initial diarrhea time of calf in TS group was higher than that in PSA and PSB group. The age of 0.44 and 1.75 days later, But there was no statistical difference (P0.05), TS group the lowest diarrhea rate. It is concluded that in humid and hot environment, more granular food can promote the growth and development of calves than granular and powdered open food, and the rumination behavior of calves can be produced as early as possible, thus speeding up the improvement of rumen function.
【作者单位】： 吉林农业大学动物科技学院吉林省动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室;中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室;Andhil
【基金】：“十二五”科技支撑计划(2012BAD12B02-5) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07) 奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC06-2017)
【分类号】：S823.5
本文编号：2361766
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of different physical forms of diet on growth and development, rumen fermentation and blood index of calves were investigated under the condition of damp and heat. A total of 36 Holstein calves were randomly divided into 3 groups (12 in each group), which were fed with (PSB) and (TS)., respectively. The experimental period was 63 days, of which 1: 42 days was the normal feeding period (preweaning), 43 ~ 49 days was the weaning period, and 50 ~ 63 days was the late weaning period. The food was fed freely from 5 days of age to the calves. Blood was collected and weighed before morning feeding at the age of 42, 49 and 63 days, and rumen fluid was collected by the method of gastric tube feeding in the morning of 49 and 63 days of age. Daily feed intake and temperature and humidity index were recorded during the experiment. The results showed that: 1) in weaning period and 2 weeks after weaning, the dry matter intake, average daily gain and weight to feed ratio of TS group were higher than those of PSA and PSB group, and PSB group was the lowest. But the difference was not significant (P0.05). 2) the initial ruminating time of TS group was 3.8 days earlier than that of PSA group, and 4.7 days earlier than that of PSB group. The difference was significant (P0.05) at 63 days old. The content of ammonia nitrogen in rumen fluid in TS group was significantly lower than that in PSA group (P0.05). At 42 days of age, the content of immunoglobulin G in calf of PSA group was significantly higher than that of TS group (P0.05). 4) the initial diarrhea time of calf in TS group was higher than that in PSA and PSB group. The age of 0.44 and 1.75 days later, But there was no statistical difference (P0.05), TS group the lowest diarrhea rate. It is concluded that in humid and hot environment, more granular food can promote the growth and development of calves than granular and powdered open food, and the rumination behavior of calves can be produced as early as possible, thus speeding up the improvement of rumen function.
【作者单位】： 吉林农业大学动物科技学院吉林省动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室;中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室;Andhil
【基金】：“十二五”科技支撑计划(2012BAD12B02-5) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07) 奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC06-2017)
【分类号】：S823.5
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，本文编号：2361766
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