微量元素硒对奶牛子宫内膜炎发生的影响的初步研究

发布时间：2018-11-28 11:35

【摘要】：硒是一种必需的微量营养元素。硒是自身免疫性疾病和感染性疾病炎症反应的调节剂，对增强机体的免疫力和抵抗力起着重要的作用。日粮中硒的含量与许多炎症性疾病有关，特别是繁殖障碍性疾病。奶牛子宫内膜炎是奶牛繁殖障碍性疾病之一，以子宫粘膜出现粘液性和化脓性炎症为特点。因此本研究的主要目的是探讨微量元素硒对奶牛子宫内膜炎发生的影响。我们以山东青州和吉林丰满区某牛场为研究对象，通过调查其生产管理情况、产后奶牛子宫内膜炎发病率情况以及检测产后奶牛子宫组织中硒含量来探讨微量元素硒对奶牛子宫内膜炎发生的影响。结果表明：两个牛场因其生产管理情况不同，产后奶牛子宫内膜炎的发病率也不同。生产管理较差的吉林丰满区该牛场子宫内膜炎发病率高达22.2%，明显高于山东青州该牛场的16.3%。子宫组织中硒含量的测定结果表明：两个牛场中，患子宫内膜炎奶牛子宫组织中平均硒含量明显低于未患子宫内膜炎奶牛子宫组织中平均硒含量。这两个牛场子宫内膜炎的发病率与子宫组织中硒含量呈负相关。这些结果表明，奶牛子宫内膜炎的发生也许与微量元素硒有一定的关系。奶牛子宫内膜炎常发生在围产期，由许多病原菌引起。大肠杆菌作为主要的病原菌之一，常常引起临床型子宫内膜炎。LPS是大肠杆菌外膜的主要成分，能够产生与大肠杆菌相同的炎症反应。由于我们在临床上发现：微量元素硒也许与奶牛子宫内膜炎的发生有关。所以，我们饲喂三种含不同硒水平的日粮给小鼠，子宫灌注LPS建立小鼠子宫内膜炎模型。通过对小鼠子宫组织硒含量的测定、组织病理学观察以及炎性细胞因子表达分析，研究含有不同硒水平的日粮对LPS诱导的小鼠子宫内膜炎的影响。结果表明，，日粮中不同硒水平会影响子宫组织中硒的含量，呈剂量依赖效应。子宫组织病理学变化显示缺硒小鼠子宫上皮细胞被严重破坏，有大量的炎性细胞浸润。在缺硒组的小鼠子宫组织中，炎性细胞因子的表达水平高于硒添加组的小鼠。这些结果表明，缺硒能够促进小鼠子宫内膜炎的发生，适当的补硒可有效缓解子宫组织的炎症反应。这些结果可以为临床兽医工作者在降低奶牛子宫内膜炎发病率方面提供参考。
[Abstract]:Selenium is an essential micronutrient element. Selenium is a modulator of inflammatory response in autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases, which plays an important role in enhancing immunity and resistance. Dietary selenium levels are associated with many inflammatory diseases, especially reproductive disorders. Endometritis is one of reproductive disorders in dairy cows, characterized by mucous and suppurative inflammation in uterine mucosa. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of selenium on endometritis in dairy cows. We took a cattle farm in Qingzhou and Fengman District, Jilin Province, as our research object, and investigated its production and management situation. The incidence of endometritis in postpartum cows and the content of selenium in postpartum dairy cows were determined to explore the effect of trace element selenium on the occurrence of endometritis in dairy cows. The results showed that the incidence of postpartum endometritis was different between the two farms. The incidence of endometritis in the cattle farm in Fengman district of Jilin Province was as high as 22.2g, which was significantly higher than that in Qingzhou cattle farm of Shandong province. The results showed that the average selenium content in endometritis cows was significantly lower than that in normal endometritis cows. The incidence of endometritis in these two cattle farms was negatively correlated with selenium content in uterine tissue. These results suggest that the occurrence of endometritis may be related to trace element selenium. Endometritis in dairy cows often occurs during perinatal period and is caused by many pathogens. As one of the main pathogens, E. coli often causes clinical endometritis. LPS is the main component of Escherichia coli outer membrane and can produce the same inflammatory reaction as Escherichia coli. As we have found clinically, trace element selenium may be associated with endometritis in dairy cows. Therefore, we fed three diets containing different selenium levels to mice, and intrauterine perfusion of LPS to establish a mouse model of endometritis. The effects of diet containing different selenium levels on endometritis induced by LPS in mice were studied by measuring selenium content, histopathological observation and expression of inflammatory cytokines in mouse uterus. The results showed that different selenium levels in diet affected the content of selenium in uterine tissues in a dose-dependent manner. The histopathological changes of uterus showed that the uterine epithelial cells were severely damaged and a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated. The expression of inflammatory cytokines in the uterus of mice with selenium deficiency was higher than that of mice supplemented with selenium. These results suggest that selenium deficiency can promote the occurrence of endometritis in mice, and appropriate selenium supplementation can effectively alleviate the inflammatory response of uterine tissue. These results may provide reference for clinical veterinary workers in reducing the incidence of endometritis in dairy cows.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.23

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